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Brazilian War of Independence
Part of the Decolonization of the Americas
The Portuguese Cortes; Portuguese troops in Brazil, Pedro I on board the frigate União; Pedro I declares the Independence of Brazil, Pedro I crowned Emperor of Brazil.
Date
29 August 1821 – 8 March 1824 (2 years, 6 months, 1 week and 1 day)
Location
Brazil (including what is now Uruguay)
Result
Brazilian victory
Brazilian independence
Territorial unity of the Brazilian Empire
Treaty of Rio de Janeiro
Portuguese recognition of the Brazilian Empire
Dissolution of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
End of Portuguese colonization of the Americas
Belligerents
Brazilian rebels (1822) Empire of Brazil
Portuguese Empire
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
Kingdom of Brazil
Commanders and leaders
Pedro I
Baron of Laguna
Joaquim Curado
Viscount of Majé [pt]
Viscount of Pirajá [pt]
Thomas Cochrane
John Pascoe Grenfell
Pierre Labatut
John VI
Madeira de Melo
Jorge de Avilez
Luís Barreto
Cunha Fidié (pt)
Álvaro de Macedo (pt)
Luís d'Oliveira [pt]
José de Moura(pt)
Units involved
Imperial Army Imperial Navy Brazilian militia
Portuguese Army Portuguese Navy
Strength
27,000 regulars & militia (including European mercenaries) 90 ships
18,000 regulars 55 ships
Casualties and losses
5,700–6,200 killed
v
t
e
Brazilian War of Independence
Avilez Rebellion
Cachoeira
Funil
Pirajá
Jenipapo
Itaparica
May 4
Cabrito
Salvador
1st Montevideo
2nd Montevideo
Caxias
Belém
The Brazilian War of Independence (Portuguese: Guerra de Independência do Brasil) was waged between the newly independent Brazilian Empire and the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, which had just undergone the Liberal Revolution of 1820.[1] It lasted from February 1822, when the first skirmishes took place, to March 1824, with the surrender of the Portuguese garrison in Montevideo. The war was fought on land and sea and involved both regular forces and civilian militia. Land and naval battles took place in the territories of Bahia, Cisplatina and Rio de Janeiro provinces, the vice-kingdom of Grão-Pará, and in Maranhão and Pernambuco, which today are part of Ceará, Piauí and Rio Grande do Norte states.
There is a shortage of reliable casualty data.[2] Casualty estimates are based on contemporary reports of battles and historical data, and range between a total of 5,700 to 6,200.
^The Napoleonic Wars and Brazilian Independence
^(in Portuguese) Laurentino Gomes 1822 Nova Fronteira, Brasil 2010 ISBN 85-209-2409-3 Chapter 10, p. 163
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