San Quentin State Prison, California, United States[2]
Years active
1966–present
Territory
California and Maryland[1]
Ethnicity
African American[1]
Membership (est.)
100–300 members[1][3] Thousands of associates[3]
Activities
Drug trafficking, burglary and homicide[1]
Allies
Current: Black Disciples[2] Bloods[2] Crips[2] Dead Man Incorporated[4] El Rukn[2] KUMI 415[5] Norteños[1] Nuestra Familia[2] Historical: Black Liberation Army[2] Symbionese Liberation Army[2] Weather Underground[2]
Rivals
Aryan Brotherhood[2] Aryan Brotherhood of Texas[2] Mexican Mafia[2] Texas Syndicate[2]
The Black Guerrilla Family (BGF, also known as the Black Gorilla Family,[6][7] the Black Family,[8] the Black Vanguard,[9] and Jamaa[8]) is an African American black power prison gang, street gang, and political organization founded in 1966 by George Jackson, George "Big Jake" Lewis, and W.L. Nolen while they were incarcerated at San Quentin State Prison in Marin County, California.[10]
^ abcdefPrison Gangs justice.gov (May 11, 2015)
^ abcdefghijklmnFlorida Department of Corrections. "Prison Gangs (continued) - Gangs and Security Threat Group Awareness". Florida Department of Corrections. Archived from the original on 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2012-08-05.
^ ab"America's 11 Most Powerful Prison Gangs". Business Insider. Retrieved July 9, 2021.
^Velazquez, Rose (January 2, 2019). "Maryland prison gangs: Who are they". Delmarva Now. The Daily Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
^Organized Crime in California Annual Report 2007-08 Attorney General of California (2008)
^"Gov. Hogan Announces Closing Of Baltimore City Men's Detention Center". WBAL-TV. July 30, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
^"Mayor Discusses Spike In Crime, Safe Streets Program, And Artscape". WBAL-TV. July 16, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
^ abCite error: The named reference Black Handbook was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"The Black Guerrilla Family". United States Department of Justice. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
^Ouagadougou, Mbutu A. (May 12, 2022). The Black Guerrilla Family 1966 – 1971: The Violent History of California's Most Notorious Prison Gang. Plebiscite Publishing Company. p. 103. ISBN 979-8808864979.
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