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Biomolecular condensate information


Formation and examples of membraneless organelles

In biochemistry, biomolecular condensates are a class of membrane-less organelles and organelle subdomains, which carry out specialized functions within the cell. Unlike many organelles, biomolecular condensate composition is not controlled by a bounding membrane. Instead, condensates can form and maintain organization through a range of different processes, the most well-known of which is phase separation of proteins, RNA and other biopolymers into either colloidal emulsions, gels, liquid crystals, solid crystals or aggregates within cells.[1]

  1. ^ Garaizar, Adiran; Espinosa, Jorge R.; Joseph, Jerelle A.; Collepardo-Guevara, Rosana (2022-03-15). "Kinetic interplay between droplet maturation and coalescence modulates shape of aged protein condensates". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 4390. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.4390G. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08130-2. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8924231. PMID 35293386.

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Biomolecular condensate

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In biochemistry, biomolecular condensates are a class of membrane-less organelles and organelle subdomains, which carry out specialized functions within...

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Condensate

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near the speed of light Top quark condensate, an alternative theory to the Standard Model Biomolecular condensate This disambiguation page lists articles...

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Colloid

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biomolecular condensates—similar in importance to compartmentalisation via lipid bilayer membranes, a type of liquid crystal. The term biomolecular condensate...

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Casein

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mammary cells in the form of colloidal casein micelles, a type of biomolecular condensate. As a food source, casein supplies amino acids, carbohydrates,...

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Emulsion

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Examples of emulsions include vinaigrettes, homogenized milk, liquid biomolecular condensates, and some cutting fluids for metal working. Two liquids can form...

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Cytosol

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fixation such as RuBisCO. Non-membrane bound organelles can form as biomolecular condensates, which arise by clustering, oligomerisation, or polymerisation...

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Phase separation

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formation or an exotic Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase. Biomolecular condensate Colloid Phase diagram Phase rule UNIQUAC Nic M, Jirat J, Kosata...

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Macromolecular crowding

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effective concentrations. Crowding can promote formation of a biomolecular condensate by colloidal phase separation. This crowding effect can make molecules...

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Signalosome

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(oligomerisation or polymerisation) and/or colloidal phase separation to form biomolecular condensates that increase the local concentration and signalling activity of...

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Molten globule

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disordered proteins Folding funnel Fuzzy complex Hydrophobic collapse Biomolecular condensate Kim, P. S.; Baldwin, R. L. (1990). "Intermediates in the folding...

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Dishevelled binding antagonist of beta catenin 1

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principle role in the cell as a scaffold to generate membrane-less biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation. Mutations in the phase-separating...

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Stress granule

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In cellular biology, stress granules are biomolecular condensates in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that assemble into 0.1–2 μm membraneless...

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Supramolecular assembly

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sphere-, rod-, or sheet-like species. Colloids, liquid crystals, biomolecular condensates, micelles, liposomes and biological membranes are examples of supramolecular...

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Organelle

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PMID 25747659. Banani SF, Lee HO, Hyman AA, Rosen MK (May 2017). "Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry". Nature Reviews Molecular...

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Transcription factory

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transcription occurs in the cell nucleus, and are an example of a biomolecular condensate. They were first discovered in 1993 and have been found to have...

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Coacervate

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type of polymer. Membraneless organelles (MLOs), also known as biomolecular condensates, are a form of cell compartmentalization. Unlike classic membrane-bound...

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Jerelle Joseph

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network connectivity regulates the stability and composition of biomolecular condensates with many components. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...

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Protoplasm

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complex and contain multiple organelles, the cytoskeleton and biomolecular condensates.the word protoplasm is mainly divided in to two parts cytoplasm...

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Association theory

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aggregates. For biopolymers, association leads to formation of biomolecular condensates, micelles and other examples of molecular self-assembly. Morawetz...

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Julia Mahamid

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Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany, who utilizes biomolecular condensates and advanced cellular cryo-electron tomography to enhance the comprehension...

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Ashutosh Chilkoti

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Lingchong; Chilkoti, Ashutosh (2023). "Engineering synthetic biomolecular condensates". Nature Reviews Bioengineering. 1 (7): 466–480. doi:10.1038/s44222-023-00052-6...

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Cellular differentiation

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Specifically, cell differentiation in animals is highly dependent on biomolecular condensates of regulatory proteins and enhancer DNA sequences. Cellular differentiation...

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