The Bermuda hotspot is a supposed midplate hotspot swell in the Atlantic Ocean 500–1,000 km (310–620 mi) southeast of Bermuda,[1] proposed to explain the extinct volcanoes of the Bermuda Rise as well as the Mississippi Embayment[2][3][4] and the Sabine Uplift southwest of the Mississippi Embayment.[5]
A 2002 paper proposes that the Bermuda hotspot generated the Mississippi Embayment in the Early Cretaceous Epoch, when the hotspot strengthened and uplifted the present-day Mississippi Valley. The resulting highland eroded over time, and when North American plate motion moved the valley away from the hotspot, the resulting thinned lithosphere subsided, forming a trough. The seismic zones centered on New Madrid, Missouri, and Charleston, South Carolina, and the volcanic kimberlite pipes in Arkansas are cited as evidence.[4]
Other published reports[6][7] argue that the lack of a chain of age-progressive seamounts (as in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain), the absence of present-day volcanism, and the elongation of the Bermuda Rise oblique to plate motion are evidence against a hotspot origin for the Bermuda Rise. Others[6] alternatively attribute the Bermuda Rise to a reorganization of plate tectonics associated with the closing of the Tethys Sea, though noting that shallow processes may not explain the source of the magmatism. A more recent paper[7] finds a thinning in the mantle transition zone under Bermuda, apparently consistent with mantle upwelling and a hot lower mantle below Bermuda. A still more recent paper,[8] based on geochemical analysis of a drill core, suggests that Bermuda volcanism sampled a transient mantle reservoir in the mantle transition zone that was formed by chemical recycling related to subduction during the formation of Pangaea.
^Vacher, H.L.; Rowe, Mark (1997). Vacher, H.L.; Quinn, T. (eds.). Geology and Hydrogeology of Bermuda, in Geology and Hydrogeology of Carbonate Islands, Developments in Sedimentology 54. Amsterdam: elsevier Science B.V. pp. 35–90. ISBN 9780444516442.
^Cox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (January 2007). "The Mississippi's Curious Origins". Scientific American. 296 (1): 76–82B. Bibcode:2007SciAm.296a..76V. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0107-76. PMID 17186836.
^Cox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (1997). "Hotspot origin of the Mississippi embayment and its possible impact on contemporary seismicity". Engineering Geology. 46 (3–4): 201–216. Bibcode:1997EngGe..46..201C. doi:10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00003-3.
^ abCox, Randel T.; Roy B. Van Arsdale (2002). "The Mississippi Embayment North America: A First Order Continental Structure Generated by the Cretaceaous Superplume Mantle Event". Journal of Geodynamics. 34 (2): 163–176. Bibcode:2002JGeo...34..163C. doi:10.1016/S0264-3707(02)00019-4.
^Nunn, Jeffrey A. (1990). "Relaxation of Continental Lithosphere: an Explanation for Late Cretaceous Reactivation of the Sabine Uplift of Louisiana-Texas". Tectonics. 9 (2): 341–359. Bibcode:1990Tecto...9..341N. doi:10.1029/TC009i002p00341.
^ ab
Vogt, Peter R.; Woo-Yeol Jung (2007). Origin of the Bermuda volcanoes and the Bermuda Rise: History, observations, models, and puzzles(PDF). Vol. 430. pp. 553–591. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.484.2851. doi:10.1130/2007.2430(27). ISBN 978-0-8137-2430-0. Retrieved 12 August 2008. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
^ ab
Benoit, Margaret H.; Maureen D. Long; Scott D. King (2013). "Anomalously thin transition zone and apparently isotropic upper mantle beneath Bermuda: Evidence for upwelling". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 14 (10): 4282. Bibcode:2013GGG....14.4282B. doi:10.1002/ggge.20277.
^
Mazza, Sarah E.; Esteban Gazel; Michael Bizimis; Robert Moucha; Paul Béguelin; Elizabeth A. Johnson; Ryan McAleer; Alexander V. Sobolev (2019). "Sampling the volatile-rich transition zone beneath Bermuda". Nature. 569 (7756): 398–403. Bibcode:2019Natur.569..398M. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1183-6. PMID 31092940. S2CID 155103393.
The Bermudahotspot is a supposed midplate hotspot swell in the Atlantic Ocean 500–1,000 km (310–620 mi) southeast of Bermuda, proposed to explain the...
Geography of BermudaBermudahotspot List of shield volcanoes Vogt, P. R.; Jung, W. Y. (2007). "Origin of the Bermuda volcanoes and Bermuda Rise: History...
Mississippi were a result of the North America Plate's passage over the Bermudahotspot 66 million years ago. Alternatively, the volcanism may have been part...
ago, North America passed over a volcanic "hotspot" in the Earth's mantle (specifically, the Bermudahotspot) that was undergoing a period of intense activity...
intervening roughly between Bermuda and Nashville Seamount). The New England hotspot, also referred to as the Great Meteor hotspot, formed the White Mountains...
ago, North America passed over a volcanic "hotspot" in the Earth's mantle (specifically, the Bermudahotspot) that was undergoing a period of intense activity...
Other geologists dispute the origin of the Bermuda Pedestal as a volcanic hotspot. The Great Sound dominates the southwest of the island chain and forms...
The geology of Bermuda represents an isolated limestone island in the Atlantic at the edge of the shallow Bermuda Platform. This platform is part of the...
Cretaceous sand layer to the north. Jackson Volcano Mississippi Embayment BermudaHotspot List of Volcanoes in the United States "Ask Rufus: Tombigbee sharks...
of Tuvalu. Tristan da Cunha is an example of a hotspot volcano in the Atlantic Ocean. Another hotspot in the Atlantic is the island of Surtsey, which...
while the two largest territories by population, the Cayman Islands and Bermuda, account for about half of the total BOT population. The Cayman Islands...
high-end Category 4 hurricane and bringing tropical-storm-force winds to Bermuda. After briefly attaining Category 4 strength on August 30, Hurricane Idalia...
Bacardi International Limited. Bacardi Limited is headquartered in Hamilton, Bermuda, and has a board of directors led by the original founder's great-great...
co-working spaces, or recreational vehicles, using Wi-Fi, smartphones or mobile hotspots to access the Internet. The majority of digital nomads describe themselves...
Perth metropolitan area near Baldivis and Rockingham that is antipodal to Bermuda, the antipodes of Australia are in the North Atlantic Ocean, while parts...
gaining control. For many years they were governed indirectly through Bermuda, the Bahamas, and Jamaica. When the Bahamas gained independence in 1973...
as Bouvet Island while others appear from hotspots such as the Azores which was created by the Azores hotspot. This list includes islands that are more...
Massachusetts to north-east of Bermuda. These seamounts resulted from the movement of a mantle plume hotspot. This hotspot is now under the Great Meteor...
evolution. The existence of mutational "hotspots" within the genome often gives rise to recurrent evolution. Hotspots can arise at certain nucleotide sequences...
provides wireless access to the Internet via local computer networks. Hotspots providing such access include Wi-Fi cafés, where users need to bring their...
visited in the game are common hotspots for these ideas, such as the pyramids of Egypt and Mexico, Lima, Stonehenge, the Bermuda Triangle, and the Face on...
be associated with other evidence of hotspot activity, such as on the Walvis Ridge, Vitória-Trindade Ridge, Bermuda Islands and Cape Verde Islands. The...
buoyant upwelling in the deeper mantle, which some associate with an Azores hotspot. Most of the volcanic activity has occurred primarily along the Terceira...
reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan...
History, including "Russian Roswell", "Deep Sea UFOs", and "The Pacific's Bermuda Triangle". William J. Birnes was the star and co-creator of the UFO Hunters...
2011). "Carriers crack down on Android tethering apps, rain on our mobile hotspot parade". Engadget. AOL (a division of Verizon Communications). Archived...