It has been suggested that this article be merged into 2-8-4. (Discuss) Proposed since February 2024.
The Nickel Plate 765 is one of two remaining operating Berkshire steam locomotives
A "Berkshire" type steam locomotive refers to a steam locomotive built with a 2-8-4 wheel configuration. The design was initially intended to improve on the USRA Heavy Mikado design (2-8-2), which was deemed to lack sufficient speed and horsepower. That was overcome by the inclusion of a larger, 100-square-foot (9.3 m2) firebox, requiring an extra trailing axle, giving the locomotive its distinctive 2-8-4 wheel arrangement.
The name of "Berkshire" was chosen for the 2-8-4 type based on the Lima Locomotive Works testing on the Berkshire Hills of the Boston & Albany Railroad. After the Class A-1 successfully outperformed a Class H-10 Mikado, the Boston & Albany Railroad became the first to order the new Berkshires. Over 600 were built by the Lima Locomotive Works, the American Locomotive Company, and Baldwin Locomotive Works. A total of nineteen different railroads purchased Berkshires, including the Erie Railroad, who owned 105 Berkshires, more than any other railroad; the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway, who nicknamed theirs the Kanawhas; and the Louisville & Nashville Railroad's, whose locomotives were technically designated as Class M-1 but were referred to as "Big Emmas".
Only two "Berkshire" type steam locomotives are in operating condition today: Pere Marquette 1225 and Nickel Plate 765. However, in February, 2016, the newly formed Kentucky Steam Heritage Corporation based out of Ravenna, Kentucky, was established to restore Chesapeake & Ohio 2716 back into operation.[1]
^"Kentucky group to restore C&O 2-8-4 No. 2716". Trains. February 7, 2016. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017.
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