Global InformationBenzylsuccinate synthase information
| Benzylsuccinate Synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Catalytic Cys493 situated in the alpha-subunit of benzylsuccinate synthase | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 4.1.99.11 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase (EC 4.1.99.11) catalyzes the chemical reaction
- toluene + fumarate benzylsuccinate
This enzyme catalyses a radical-type addition of toluene and fumarate as substrates to generate (R)-benzylsuccinate as product, the first step of anaerobic toluene degradation.
Benzylsuccinate synthase is a glycyl-radical enzyme found in many microorganisms such as Thauera aromatica and Aromatoleum tuluolicum responsible for degrading aromatic hydrocarbons, primarily toluene.[1] It operates by catalyzing carbon-carbon bond formation between toluene and fumarate into benzylsuccinate. Benzylsuccinate is then converted to benzoyl CoA in a scheme resembling β-oxidation, and then reductively de-aromatized into metabolites.[2] BSS comprises an α, β, and γ subunit, with the α-subunit containing the activated glycyl-radical, and the β- and γ-subunits being necessary for formation and stability of the cataytically active enzyme.[3] In terms of its catalytic residues, mutagenesis experiments suggest that in addition to Cys493 and Gly829 being critical for catalysis in a T. aromatica T1 strain, mutation of a conserved Arg508 is also critical for benzylsuccinate synthase activity.[4]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Funk MA, Judd ET, Marsh EN, Elliott SJ, Drennan CL (July 2014). "Structures of benzylsuccinate synthase elucidate roles of accessory subunits in glycyl radical enzyme activation and activity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111 (28): 10161–10166. doi:10.1073/pnas.1405983111. PMC 4104874. PMID 24982148.
- ^ Li L, Patterson DP, Fox CC, Lin B, Coschigano PW, Marsh EN (February 2009). "Subunit structure of benzylsuccinate synthase". Biochemistry. 48 (6): 1284–1292. doi:10.1021/bi801766g. PMC 2820103. PMID 19159265.
- ^ Meyer-Cifuentes I, Gruhl S, Haange SB, Lünsmann V, Jehmlich N, Bergen MV, et al. (May 2020). "Benzylsuccinate Synthase is Post-Transcriptionally Regulated in the Toluene-Degrading Denitrifier Magnetospirillum sp. Strain 15-1". Microorganisms. 8 (5): 681. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8050681. PMC 7285207. PMID 32392861.