1800s–1930s socio-cultural and religious reform movement in Bengal, Indian subcontinent
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The Bengal Renaissance (Bengali: বাংলার নবজাগরণ, romanized: Bāṅlār Nôbôjāgôrôṇ), also known as the Bengali Renaissance, was a cultural, social, intellectual, and artistic movement that took place in the Bengal region of the British Raj, from the late 18th century to the early 20th century.[1] Historians have traced the beginnings of the movement to the victory of the British East India Company at the 1757 Battle of Plassey, as well as the works of reformer Raja Rammohan Roy, considered the "Father of the Bengal Renaissance," born in 1772.[2] Nitish Sengupta stated that the movement "can be said to have … ended with Rabindranath Tagore," Asia's first Nobel laureate.[3]
For almost two centuries, the Bengal renaissance saw the radical transformation of Indian society, and its ideas have been attributed to the rise of Indian anticolonialist and nationalist thought and activity during this period.[4] The philosophical basis of the movement was its unique version of liberalism and modernity.[5] According to Sumit Sarkar, the pioneers and works of this period were revered and regarded with nostalgia throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, however, due to a new focus on its colonialist origins, a more critical view emerged in the 1970s.[6]
The Bengali renaissance was predominantly led by Bengali Hindus,[7] who at the time were socially and economically more affluent in colonial Bengal, and therefore better placed for higher education as a community. Well-known figures include the social reformer Raja Rammohan Roy, writer Rabindranath Tagore, and the physicist Satyendra Nath Bose. The main Muslim figures in the movement include members of the Suhrawardy family, poet and musician Kazi Nazrul Islam and writer Rokeya Sakhawat Hussain.[8]
^Cite error: The named reference Dasgupta2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Samanta, Soumyajit (2008). The Bengal Renaissance : a critique(PDF). 20th European Conference of Modern South Asian Studies Manchester (UK), 8th – 11th July 2008. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2022.
^Sengupta, Nitish (2001). History of the Bengali-speaking People. New Delhi, Delhi: UBS Publishers' Distributors. p. 211. ISBN 978-81-7476-355-6.
^Panikkar, K N (3 March 2017). "Three phases of Indian renaissance". Frontline. Publishing Private Limited. The Hindu Group. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
^Sartori, Andrew (2009). Bengal in Global Concept History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 68.
^Sarkar, Sumit (1997). Writing Social History. Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 104.
^Naranyan Dhar, Pulak (1987). "Bengal Renaissance: A Study in Social Contradictions". Social Scientist. 15 (1): 26–45. doi:10.2307/3517400. JSTOR 3517400.
^De, Amalendu (April–June 1995). "The Social Thoughts and Consciousness of the Bengali Muslims in the Colonial Period". Social Scientist. 23 (4/6): 16–37. doi:10.2307/3520213. JSTOR 3520213.
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The Bengal Presidency, officially the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal and later Bengal Province, was a province of British India and the largest...
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libraries during the Bengal Sultanate. Libraries were established in each district of Bengal by the Zamindar gentry during the BengalRenaissance in the 19th century...
BengalRenaissance had a great impact on the cultural and economic life of Bengal and started a great advance in the literature and science of Bengal...
been termed "renaissances", such as the BengalRenaissance, Tamil Renaissance, Nepal Bhasa renaissance, al-Nahda or the Harlem Renaissance. The term can...
Swami Vivekananda, and others, this constituted a major part of the BengalRenaissance. The middle and latter parts of the 20th century witnessed the arrival...
including what became known as the Bengali Renaissance. Several regional and pan−Indian empires throughout Bengal's history have shaped its culture, cuisine...
(2001). Bengal'sRenaissance. Kolkata: Academic Publishers. pp. 80–100. ISBN 978-81-87504-18-4. Dutt, R.C. (1962). Cultural heritage of Bengal. Kolkata:...
Culture in Colonial Bengal. Cambridge University Press. p. 219. ISBN 978-1-107-06546-8. Dasgupta, Subrata (2009). The BengalRenaissance: Identity and Creativity...
coming to Bengal in the 16th century, resulting in the founding of Ugulim (Hooghly-Chinsura) by the Portuguese in 1579. The BengalRenaissance of the 19th...
the cultural diversity of several social groups of Bangladesh. The BengalRenaissance of the 18th early 19th centuries, noted Bengali writers, saints, authors...
Seminar on Perspectives of the BengalRenaissance (1976 : Rajshahi University) (1977). Reflections on the Bengalrenaissance : [papers read at a seminar...
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Railways Economy Army Commander-in-Chief Zamindari BengalRenaissance Political reforms Partition of Bengal Independence movement 1943 famine World War II...
composer, philosopher, social reformer, and painter during the age of BengalRenaissance. He reshaped Bengali literature and music as well as Indian art with...
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civilisation. Bengali Hindus were at the forefront of the BengalRenaissance in the 19th century, the Bengal region was noted for its participation in the struggle...
The Bengal School of Art, commonly referred as Bengal School, was an art movement and a style of Indian painting that originated in Bengal, primarily Kolkata...
families of Calcutta, and is regarded as a key influence during the BengalRenaissance. The family has produced several persons who have contributed substantially...
including the Irish Literary Revival, the Harlem Renaissance (in the USA), the BengalRenaissance (in Kolkata, India) and the Jindyworobak Movement (in...
Bengali of All Time. Ram Mohan Roy was born in Radhanagar, Hooghly District, Bengal Presidency. His great grandfather Krishnakanta Bandyopadhyay was a Rarhi...
British Indian Association was a political organization in the 19th century in India. Its rival was the Indian National Association. The Madras Native...
population spoke Urdu at that time. He mentioned that the people of East Bengal could choose what would be its provincial language, and branded those who...
all-India organisations. The Bengalrenaissance refers to a social reform movement during the 19th and early 20th centuries in Bengal. Historian Nitish Sengupta...
zamindars. The founders of the association were prominent zamindars of Bengal; such as Bhabani Charan Bandyopadhyay, Dwarkanath Tagore, Prasanna Kumar...