Part of the Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars: War of 913–927
Date
March 921
Location
Pegae, modern village of Balakla, near Constantinople
Result
Bulgarian victory
Belligerents
Bulgarian Empire
Byzantine Empire
Commanders and leaders
Kaukanos Menikos
Pothos Argyros Leo Argyros Alexios Mosele † John the Rhaiktor
Strength
Large army
Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown
Heavy
v
t
e
Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
Early wars
1th Constantinople
Ongal
1st Anchialus
1st Marcellae
Rishki Pass
2nd Anchialus
Litosoria
2nd Marcellae
Krum's campaigns
Serdica
Pliska
Debeltos
Versinikia
1st Adrianople
2th Constantinople
Mesembria
Burdizon
Simeon I's campaigns
War of 894–896
Boulgarophygon
War of 913–927
Achelous
Katasyrtai
Pegae
3th Constantinople
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
1st Arcadiopolis
Dorostolon
Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria
Trajan's Gates
1st Thessalonica
Spercheios
Skopje
2nd Thessalonica
Kreta
3rd Thessalonica
Kleidion
Strumitsa
Bitola
Setina
Dyrrhachium
Uprising of Peter Delyan
4th Thessalonica
5th Thessalonica
Ostrovo
Second Bulgarian Empire
Lovech
Tryavna
2nd Arcadiopolis
Serres
Varna
Klokotnitsa
2nd Adrianople
Uprising of Ivaylo
Devina
Skafida
Rusokastro
The Battle of Pegae (Bulgarian: битка при Пиги, Greek: Μάχη των Πηγαίων) was fought between 11 and 18 March 921 in the outskirts of Constantinople between the forces of the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire during the Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 913–927. The battle took place in a locality called Pegae (i.e. "the spring"), named after the nearby Church of St. Mary of the Spring. The Byzantine lines collapsed at the very first Bulgarian attack and their commanders fled the battlefield. In the subsequent rout most Byzantine soldiers were killed by the sword, drowned or were captured.
In 922 the Bulgarians continued their successful campaigns in Byzantine Thrace, capturing a number of towns and fortresses, including Adrianople, Thrace's most important city, and Bizye. In June 922 they engaged and defeated yet another Byzantine army at Constantinople, confirming the Bulgarian domination of the Balkans. However, Constantinople itself remained outside their reach, because Bulgaria lacked the naval power to launch a successful siege. The attempts of the Bulgarian emperor Simeon I to negotiate a joint Bulgarian–Arab assault on the city with the Fatimids were uncovered by the Byzantine and countered.
The primary sources for the battle are Theophanes Continuatus, Leo the Grammarian's Chronicle, the continuation of George Hamartolos' Chronicle and John Skylitzes' Synopsis of Histories.
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