Battle of Kunlun Pass information

Battle of Kunlun Pass
	Part of the Battle of South Guangxi
Date	December 18, 1939 – January 11, 1940; (3 weeks and 3 days)
Location	Suburbs of Nanning, Guangxi
Result	Chinese victory
Territorial; changes	Chinese hold the pass
Belligerents
Republic of China	Empire of Japan
Commanders and leaders
Bai Chongxi; Du Yuming; Qiu Qingquan; Li Mi; Liao Yaoxiang ; Dai Anlan	Masao Nakamura †
Strength
5th corps 60,000; 200th Division:; 240 T-26 M1933 tanks; 120 CV-33 tankettes; 30 BT-5 tanks; 3rd PG, 32nd PS,; Capt. Wei Yiqing †:; 14 I-15, 7 Gladiators, ? O-2; 5th PG, 28th PS,; Capt. Arthur Chin:; ? I-15, 3 Gladiators	5th division (particularly the 21st Brigade) plus various other units, total fighting strength of 45,000; 100 planes; 70 warships; 2 aircraft carriers
Casualties and losses
14,000 casualties	10,000 casualties, including 5,000 killed and 102 captured

The Battle of Kunlun Pass (simplified Chinese: 昆仑关战役; traditional Chinese: 崑崙關戰役; pinyin: Kūnlúnguān Zhànyì) was a series of conflicts between the Imperial Japanese Army and the Chinese forces surrounding Kunlun Pass, a key strategic position in Guangxi province. The Japanese forces planned to cut off Chinese supply lines linking to French Indochina, but the Chinese forces managed to fight off the attacks.^[1]

^ ^a ^b S. C. M. Paine, (2012). The Wars for Asia, 1911-1949. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107020696
^ 徐 (Xú), 2016, p. 441-442. 韦烈士一清 (Martyr Wei was originally with the Guangxi warlord air force before integrating with the central Nationalist Air Force of China; he was very familiar with the terrain of South Guangxi and Kunlun Pass, and successfully completed many close-air support and interdiction missions; the fighting peaked at the Pass on 27 December 1939, the 28th and 32nd squadrons shot down three enemy aircraft, but Capt. Wei Yiqing was himself shot down and killed right over the Kunlun Pass battlefield.)
^ Cheung, 2015, p. 51. In supporting the Chinese Army's victorious battle of Kunlun Pass, Capt. Arthur Chin shot down at least one A5M on 27 December 1939, but was hit himself while trying to protect a fellow pilot... maneuvering his burning fighter over friendly lines before bailing-out in his parachute, suffering serious burns as a result; 32nd PS commander Capt. Wei was shot down and killed over Kunlun Pass...
^ 朝阳 (17 February 2009). "戴安澜与昆仑关战役". 人民政协报《春秋周刊》. 中国共产党新闻. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2014.
^ "崑崙關戰役". 中華民國國防部. Archived from the original on 2016-05-30. Retrieved 2014-07-02.
^ 文聞, ed. (2005). 《我所親歷的桂南、桂柳會戰》. 中國文史出版社. ISBN 7-5034-1590-8.

[paine-1] S. C. M. Paine, (2012). The Wars for Asia, 1911-1949. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107020696

[2] 徐 (Xú), 2016, p. 441-442. 韦烈士一清 (Martyr Wei was originally with the Guangxi warlord air force before integrating with the central Nationalist Air Force of China; he was very familiar with the terrain of South Guangxi and Kunlun Pass, and successfully completed many close-air support and interdiction missions; the fighting peaked at the Pass on 27 December 1939, the 28th and 32nd squadrons shot down three enemy aircraft, but Capt. Wei Yiqing was himself shot down and killed right over the Kunlun Pass battlefield.)

[3] Cheung, 2015, p. 51. In supporting the Chinese Army's victorious battle of Kunlun Pass, Capt. Arthur Chin shot down at least one A5M on 27 December 1939, but was hit himself while trying to protect a fellow pilot... maneuvering his burning fighter over friendly lines before bailing-out in his parachute, suffering serious burns as a result; 32nd PS commander Capt. Wei was shot down and killed over Kunlun Pass...

[4] 朝阳 (17 February 2009). "戴安澜与昆仑关战役". 人民政协报《春秋周刊》. 中国共产党新闻. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 2 July 2014.

[5] "崑崙關戰役". 中華民國國防部. Archived from the original on 2016-05-30. Retrieved 2014-07-02.

[桂-6] 文聞, ed. (2005). 《我所親歷的桂南、桂柳會戰》. 中國文史出版社. ISBN 7-5034-1590-8.

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