1938–1943 Japanese air raids against Chongqing, China
Bombing of Chongqing
Part of the Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II
The city during bombing, 1940
Date
18 February 1938 – 23 August 1943 (5 years, 6 months and 5 days)
Location
Chongqing, Republic of China
Belligerents
China
Japan
Commanders and leaders
Chiang Kai-shek
Chen Cheng
Liu Zhi
Zhou Zhirou
Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni
Hajime Sugiyama
Takijirō Ōnishi
Units involved
Republic of China Air Force 41st and 42nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalions Soviet Volunteer Group (stationed October 1938 – December 1939)
Imperial Japanese Army Air Service Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
Casualties and losses
100+ of fighters and other aircraft, aircrew and many more ground crew losses (incomplete data)
Dozens to 100+ of bombers and reconnaissance-attack/fighter aircraft shot down; hundreds of aircrew lost, some captured alive (incomplete data)
30,000+ civilian casualties including 10,000+ deaths, over 30,000 buildings and much of the city center destroyed; property losses amounting to 10 billion francs
v
t
e
Japanese offensives, 1940–1942
1940
Manchukuo
Chongqing
South Guangxi
West Suiyuan
Wuyuan
Zaoyang–Yichang
French Indochina
Kaimingjie
Central Hubei
North China
1941
Panjiayu
South Henan
Western Hubei
Shanggao
South Shanxi
2nd Changsha
Malaya
Pearl Harbor
Thailand
Hong Kong
Philippines
Guam
Wake
Sand Island
Niihau
Gilbert Islands
Indian Ocean
Borneo
Dutch East Indies
3rd Changsha
1942
Timor
Burma
New Guinea
Qantas Short Empire shootdown
Singapore
Darwin
Ellwood
Broome
KNILM Douglas DC-3 shootdown
Operation K
Andaman and Nicobar
Christmas Island
Ceylon
Solomons
Tulagi
Coral Sea
Nauru and Ocean Islands
Zhejiang-Jiangxi
Madagascar
Aleutian Islands
Midway
Sydney
Newcastle
Fort Stevens
Dureenbee
Mount Emily
v
t
e
Second Sino-Japanese War
1931–1937 (pre-war skirmishes)
Manchuria
Mukden
Lytton Report
Jiangqiao
Nenjiang Bridge
Jinzhou
Harbin
1st Shanghai
Pacification of Manchukuo
Inner Mongolia
Great Wall
Rehe
Suiyuan
1937–1939
Marco Polo Bridge
Beiping–Tianjin
Chahar
2nd Shanghai
Sihang Warehouse
Railway Operation
Beiping–Hankou
Tianjin–Pukou
Taiyuan
Pingxingguan
Xinkou
Nanking
Massacre
Xuzhou
Taierzhuang
North-East Henan
Lanfeng
Amoy
Chongqing
Yellow River flood
Wuhan
Wanjialing
Wenxi fire
Canton
Hainan
Nanchang
Suixian–Zaoyang
Swatow
1st Changsha
South Guangxi
Kunlun Pass
Winter Offensive
West Suiyuan
Wuyuan
1940–1942
Zaoyang–Yichang
Hundred Regiments
North Vietnam
Central Hubei
South Anhui
South Henan
West Hubei
Shanggao
South Shanxi
2nd Changsha
3rd Changsha
Yunnan-Burma Road
Tachiao
Oktwin
Toungoo
Yenangyaung
Zhejiang–Jiangxi
Sichuan (cancelled)
1943–1945
West Hubei
North Burma and West Yunnan
Myitkyina
Mount Song
Changde
Ichi-Go
4th Changsha
Hengyang
Guilin–Liuzhou
West Henan–North Hubei
West Hunan
Guangxi
Air War
Taihoku
v
t
e
Pacific War
Central Pacific
Pearl Harbor
Marshalls–Gilberts raids
K
Doolittle Raid
Midway
Gilberts and Marshalls
Marianas and Palau
Volcano and Ryukyu
Truk
Ocean Island
Indian Ocean (1941–1945)
Japanese merchant raids
Andaman Islands
Homfreyganj massacre
Christmas Island
1st Indian Ocean
Ceylon
Bay of Bengal
2nd Indian Ocean
Southeast Asia
Indochina (1940)
Franco-Thai War
Thailand
Malaya
Hong Kong
Singapore
Indochina (1945)
Malacca Strait
Jurist
Tiderace
Zipper
Strategic bombing (1944–45)
Burma and India
Burma (1941–42)
Burma (1942–43)
Burma and India (1944)
Burma (1944–45)
Southwest Pacific
Dutch East Indies (1941–42)
Philippines (1941–42)
RY
Solomon Islands
Coral Sea
Timor
Australia
New Guinea
New Britain
Philippines (1944–45)
Borneo (1945)
North America
Ellwood
Aleutian Islands
Estevan Point Lighthouse
Fort Stevens
Lookout Air Raids
Fire balloon bombs
Project Hula
PX
Japan
Air raids
Tokyo
Yokosuka
Kure
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Mariana Islands
Volcano and Ryukyu Islands
Starvation
Naval bombardments
Sagami Bay
South Sakhalin
Kuril Islands
Shumshu
Downfall
Japanese surrender
Manchuria and Northern Korea
Kantokuen
Manchuria (1945)
Mutanchiang
Chongjin
Second Sino-Japanese War
v
t
e
Military campaigns of the Empire of Japan
Meiji period
Taiwan (1874)
Ganghwa (1875)
Ryukyu (1879)
Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)
Liaodong Peninsula (1895)
China (1899–1901)
Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)
Korea (1910)
Taishō period
Tsingtao (1914)
Siberia (1918–1922)
Shōwa period
Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)
China (1937–45)
French Indochina (1940)
Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)
v
t
e
Campaigns of World War II
Europe
Poland
Phoney War
Finland
Winter War
Karelia
Lapland
Denmark and Norway
Western Front
1940
1944–1945
Britain
Balkans
Eastern Front
Italy
Sicily
Asia-Pacific
China
Pacific Ocean
South West Pacific
Franco-Thai War
South-East Asia
Burma and India
Japan
Manchuria and Northern Korea
pre-war border conflicts
Mediterranean and Middle East
Africa
North Africa
East Africa
Mediterranean Sea
Adriatic
Malta
Middle East
Iraq
Syria–Lebanon
Iran
Southern France
Other campaigns
Americas
Atlantic
Arctic
Strategic bombing
French West Africa
Indian Ocean
Madagascar
Coups
Yugoslavia
Iraq
Italy
Romania
Bulgaria
Hungary
French Indochina
The bombing of Chongqing (simplified Chinese: 重庆大轰炸; traditional Chinese: 重慶大轟炸, Japanese: 重慶爆撃), from 18 February 1938 to 23 August 1943, were massive terror bombing operations authorized by the Empire of Japan's Imperial General Headquarters and conducted by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service (IJAAF) and Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service (IJNAF). Resistance was put up by the Chinese Air Force and the National Revolutionary Army's anti-aircraft artillery units in defense of the provisional wartime capital of Chongqing and other targets in Sichuan.
According to incomplete statistics, a total of 268 air raids were conducted against Chongqing, involving anywhere from a few dozen to over 150 bombers per raid. These bombings were probably aimed at cowing the Chinese government, or as part of the planned but never executed Sichuan invasion.[citation needed]
and 25 Related for: Bombing of Chongqing information
The bombingofChongqing (simplified Chinese: 重庆大轰炸; traditional Chinese: 重慶大轟炸, Japanese: 重慶爆撃), from 18 February 1938 to 23 August 1943, were massive...
type of bombing was permissible under international law. While direct attacks against civilians were ruled out as "terror bombing", the concept of attacking...
The bombingof Dresden was a joint British and American aerial bombing attack on the city of Dresden, the capital of the German state of Saxony, during...
counter-offensives from that area. BombingofChongqing Also known as the Sichuan invasion, Szechwan invasion, Chongqing Operation, Chongqing Campaign or Operation...
that are intended to terrorize or kill enemy civilians (e.g., the bombingofChongqing during World War II). The word "collateral" comes from medieval Latin...
strategic bombingof railways, harbours, cities, workers' and civilian housing, and industrial districts in enemy territory. Strategic bombing as a military...
involved in the round-the-clock bombingofChongqing. When the Pacific War erupted with the invasion of Malaya and bombingof Pearl Harbor in December 1941...
Chongqing is a municipality in Southwestern China. Chongqing is one of the four direct-administered municipalities under the Central People's Government...
Unit) of the National Research Council of Canada from June to December 1941. Yardley was reportedly let go due to pressure either from the Secretary of War...
was commander of the Japanese 4th Fleet and later served as Vice-Minister of the Navy. A noted naval theorist, he was a strong advocate of naval aviation...
United States Strategic Bombing Survey (June 1946). "U. S. Strategic Bombing Survey: The Effects of the Atomic Bombingsof Hiroshima and Nagasaki". Nuclear...
the wartime capital Chongqing, and then along the Burma Road to Lanzhou. From there, he ventured to Tibet, then back to Chongqing. Throughout the film...
this capacity directed a saturation bombing campaign in central China through 1940, including the BombingofChongqing. In November 1940, Yamaguchi was reassigned...
Battle of Xuzhou December 1937 BombingofChongqing February 1938 – August 1943 Taihoku Air Strike February 1938 Battle of Taierzhuang March 1938 Northern...
Taihoku Air Strike 1938 — Bombing of Chongqing 1938 — Battle of Wuhan 1938 — Battle of Xinfeng 1938 — Battle of Wanjialing 1938 — Canton Operation 1939...
of political goals. During periods of armed conflict, there are structures, actors, and processes at a number of levels that affect the likelihood of...
stationed at bases near the cities of Nanjing, Hankou, and Chongqing, and at Lanzhou in China's northwest at the terminus of the Soviet supply route. On 13...
co-operation. Japanese strategic bombing efforts mostly targeted large Chinese cities such as Shanghai, Wuhan, and Chongqing, with around 5,000 raids from...
road of the Long March. Chiang Kai-shek himself flew to Chongqing from Taiwan in November 1949 to lead the defense. But the same month Chongqing switched...
Chongqing Baishiyi Airport (or Baishiyi Air Base) is a People's Liberation Army Air Force in the city ofChongqing in Southwestern China, located about...
could launch incendiary bombs made of gunpowder and lime, as recorded in Song's victory over the invading Jin forces at the Battle of Tangdao in the East...
whether the bombing should be categorized as a war crime and/or as a crime against humanity. There is also the debate on the role of the bombings in Japan's...
This is a list of accidents and disasters by death toll. It shows the number of fatalities associated with various explosions, structural fires, flood...
as is the immolation of Changsha, but the Japanese bombingofChongqing (then called "Chungking") is dwelt on. The expansion of the National Revolutionary...
Below is an incomplete list of fictional feature films or miniseries released since 1990 which feature events of World War II in the narrative. The film...