The Battle of Halidon Hill took place on 19 July 1333 when a Scottish army under Sir Archibald Douglas attacked an English army commanded by King Edward III of England (r. 1327–1377) and was heavily defeated. The year before, Edward Balliol had seized the Scottish Crown from five-year-old David II (r. 1329–1371), surreptitiously supported by Edward III. This marked the start of the Second War of Scottish Independence. Balliol was shortly expelled from Scotland by a popular uprising, which Edward III used as a casus belli, invading Scotland in 1333. The immediate target was the strategically-important border town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, which the English besieged in March.
A large Scottish army advanced to relieve the town. They attempted and failed to draw the English away from Berwick. By mid-July, knowing Berwick was on the verge of surrender and aware they were much stronger than the English, the Scots attacked. They unsuccessfully manoeuvred for position and then launched an assault on the English, who had taken up a favourable defensive position. English longbowmen caused heavy Scottish casualties during their approach, and when the Scots came into contact with the English infantry, the fight was short. The Scottish formations collapsed and the Scots fled in disorder. The English men-at-arms mounted and pursued the Scots for eight miles, causing further heavy casualties. The Scottish commander and many of the Scots' senior nobility were killed during the battle.
Berwick surrendered on terms the next day. Balliol was reinstalled as king of Scotland after ceding much of his territory to Edward III and agreeing to do homage for the balance. Balliol's opponents would not admit defeat and he was deposed again in 1334, restored in 1335 and deposed once again in 1336. In 1337 the Hundred Years' War broke out between France and England which allowed David II to consolidate his position in Scotland. In 1346 the Scots were decisively beaten at the Battle of Neville's Cross with heavy loss and David was captured. It was eleven years before terms were agreed for David's release. They included an Anglo-Scottish truce, which lasted for four decades and marked the end of the Second War of Scottish Independence.
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The BattleofHalidonHill took place on 19 July 1333 when a Scottish army under Sir Archibald Douglas attacked an English army commanded by King Edward...
HalidonHill is a summit, about 2 miles (3 km) west of the centre of Berwick-upon-Tweed, on the border of England and Scotland. It reaches 600 feet (180 m)...
Second War of Scottish Independence. Following the English victory at the BattleofHalidonHill in 1333, King David, Queen Joan and the rump of his government...
defeated at the BattleofHalidonHill. Balliol established his authority over most of Scotland, ceded to England the eight counties of south-east Scotland...
not learned from the lesson of his great uncle's defeat at the BattleofHalidonHill seventy years previously. The Schiltrons presented a large target...
Edward III, undertook his first invasion of Scotland, which culminated with the BattleofHalidonHill. HalidonHill is where the 20-year old Edward III learned...
lands of Dreghorn in Ayrshire on 28 April 1315. Sir Alan Stewart was killed with his brothers, Sir James and Sir John Stewart, at the BattleofHalidon Hill...
July 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020. "BattleofHalidonHill (1333)". Battlefields of Britain. CastlesFortsBattles.co.uk. 2019. Archived from the original...
pretence of neutrality, recognised Balliol as King of Scots and made ready for war. After the defeat of the Scots at the BattleofHalidonHill in July...
Edward III of England, invaded Scotland. After his victory at the BattleofHalidonHill near Berwick-upon-Tweed in July 1333, David and Joan were sent for...
of the English under Edward II at the Battleof Bannockburn in 1314, and this time, Edward III defeated the Scots at the decisive BattleofHalidon Hill...
third Regent of Scotland who married Christian Bruce, a sister of king Robert the Bruce. This Andrew Murray fought at the BattleofHalidonHill in 1333....
unknown, but there were a number of continuations by different hands, extending the story to the BattleofHalidonHill (1333). The material on Harold Harefoot...
unknown, but there were a number of continuations by different hands, continuing the story to the BattleofHalidonHill (1333). The material on Harthacnut...
the Declaration of Arbroath in 1320. David fought at the BattleofHalidonHill against the English on 19 July 1333. He was the keeper of Edinburgh Castle...
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constables. Sir Robert Lauder of Quarrelwood was constable of Urquhart Castle in 1329. After fighting at the BattleofHalidonHill in 1333, where the Scots...
Pretenders, ends. July 19 – Wars of Scottish Independence - BattleofHalidonHill: Edward III of England decisively defeats Sir Archibald Douglas. Berwick-upon-Tweed...
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