Campaigns of Leo Apostyppes & Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
1st Milazzo
2nd Milazzo
1st Taormina
Garigliano
Campaigns of Marianos Argyros
2nd Taormina
Rometta
Straits of Messina
George Maniakes in Sicily
2nd Malta
Naval warfare
Phoenix
Keramaia
1st Crete
2nd Crete
Thasos
Damietta
Ragusa
Kardia
Gulf of Corinth
Cephalonia
Euripos
Thessalonica
3rd Crete
4th Crete
Tyre
Byzantine reconquest
Campaigns of John Kourkouas
Campaigns of Sayf al-Dawla
Marash
Raban
Andrassos
Campaigns of Nikephoros II
5th Crete
Aleppo
Cilicia
Antioch
Campaigns of John I
Alexandretta
Syria
Campaigns of Basil II
Orontes
2nd Aleppo
Apamea
Azaz
The Battle of Butera happened in late 845 or early 846 between the Aghlabid army and the Byzantine army at Butera, south of Sicily. The Aghlabids achieved a resounding success against the Byzantines.
In 845, the Byzantines and the Abbasids made a peace treaty. The Byzantine empress, Theodora, wanting to take advantage of the peace treaty, dispatched an army to re-establish Byzantine control of Sicily. The Byzantine army was mostly recruited from the theme of Charsianon. The Byzantine numbers were substantial and were equipped and ready to fight. The Byzantine general, however, was not ready. Both sides met at Butera, and the Aghlabid general, Al-Abbas ibn al-Fadl, defeated the Byzantines and killed 9,000 to 10,000 of their troops, according to Arab sources, which is probably an exaggeration. The Aghlabid casualties were insignificant. The battle happened either in late 845 or early 846.[2][3][4]
Following this defeat, the Byzantines suffered several setbacks in quick succession. In 846, the Arabs annexed Lentini and destroyed Ragusa in 848.[5] For his victory at Butera, Al-Abbas became the governor of Sicily in 851.[6]
^Melchior Trigilia (1990), The Madonna dei Milici of Scicli, Christians and Muslims in Sicily in the year 1000, p. 78.[1]
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