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Battle of Arcole information


Battle of Arcole
Part of the Italian campaigns in the War of the First Coalition

Napoleon Bonaparte leading his troops over the bridge of Arcole, by Horace Vernet
Date15–17 November 1796
Location
Arcole, Republic of Venice
45°21′26″N 11°16′39″E / 45.35722°N 11.27750°E / 45.35722; 11.27750
Result French victory[1]
Belligerents
French First Republic French Republic Habsburg monarchy Habsburg monarchy
Commanders and leaders
French First Republic Napoleon Bonaparte
French First Republic André Masséna
French First Republic Pierre Augereau
French First Republic Jean Lannes
French First Republic Jean Joseph Guieu
French First Republic Jean-Baptiste Muiron
French First Republic Joseph Sulkowski
Habsburg monarchy József Alvinczi
Habsburg monarchy Anton Ferdinand Mittrowsky
Strength
20,000[2] 24,000
Casualties and losses
3,500 killed or wounded
1,300 captured
2,200 killed or wounded
4,000 captured
Battle of Arcole is located in Europe
Battle of Arcole
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Location within Europe
War of the First Coalition:
Italian Campaign
Map
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Battle of Arcole
100km
62miles
15
Battle of Tarvis (1797) from 21 to 23 March 1797
14
Battle of Valvasone (1797) on 16 March 1797
13
Siege of Mantua (1796–1797) from 27 August 1796 to 2 February 1797
12
Battle of Rivoli from 14 to 15 January 1797
11
10
Battle of Caldiero (1796) on 12 November 1796
9
Battle of Bassano on 8 September 1796 Second Battle of Bassano on 6 November 1796
8
Battle of Rovereto on 4 September 1796
7
Battle of Castiglione on 5 August 1796
6
Battle of Lonato from 3 to 4 August 1796
5
Battle of Borghetto on 30 May 1796
Lodi
4
Battle of Lodi on 10 May 1796
3
Battle of Fombio from 7 to 9 May 1796
2
Montenotte campaign from 10 to 28 April 1796
1
Second Battle of Saorgio (1794) from 24 to 28 April 1794
  
  current battle
  Napoleon as subordinate
  Napoleon in command

The Battle of Arcole or Battle of Arcola (15–17 November 1796) was fought between French and Austrian forces 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Verona during the War of the First Coalition, a part of the French Revolutionary Wars. The battle saw a bold maneuver by Napoleon Bonaparte's French Army of Italy to outflank the Austrian army led by József Alvinczi and cut off its line of retreat. The French victory proved to be a highly significant event during the third Austrian attempt to lift the siege of Mantua. Alvinczi planned to execute a two-pronged offensive against Bonaparte's army. The Austrian commander ordered Paul Davidovich to advance south along the Adige River valley with one corps while Alvinczi led the main army in an advance from the east. The Austrians hoped to raise the siege of Mantua where Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser was trapped with a large garrison. If the two Austrian columns linked up and if Wurmser's troops were released, French prospects were grim.

Davidovich scored a victory against Claude-Henri Belgrand de Vaubois at Calliano and threatened Verona from the north. Meanwhile, Alvinczi repulsed one attack by Bonaparte at Bassano and advanced almost to the gates of Verona where he defeated a second French attack at Caldiero. Leaving Vaubois' battered division to contain Davidovich, Bonaparte massed every available man and tried to turn Alvinczi's left flank by crossing the Adige. For two days the French assaulted the stoutly defended Austrian position at Arcole without success. Their persistent attacks finally forced Alvinczi to withdraw on the third day. That day Davidovich routed Vaubois, but it was too late. Bonaparte's victory at Arcole permitted him to concentrate against Davidovich and chase him up the Adige valley. Left alone, Alvinczi threatened Verona again. But without his colleague's support, the Austrian commander was too weak to continue the campaign and he withdrew again. Wurmser attempted a breakout, but his effort came too late in the campaign and had no effect on the result. The third relief attempt failed by the narrowest of margins.

  1. ^ James Harvey Robinson and Charles A. Beard, The Development of Modern Europe: An Introduction to the Study of Current History, vol. 1 (Boston: Ginn & Company, 1907), 290[ISBN missing]
  2. ^ Rothenberg, Art of War, p 248. Rothenberg gives all strengths and losses.

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