Balòci (Balochi) written Balo-Rabi in Nastaliq style.
Pronunciation
[bəˈloːt͡ʃiː]
Native to
Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan
Region
Balochistan
Ethnicity
Baloch
Native speakers
8.8 million (2017–2020)[1]
Language family
Indo-European
Indo-Iranian
Iranian
Western Iranian
Northwestern
Balochi
Writing system
Balochi Standard Alphabet
Official status
Official language in
Pakistan
Balochistan
[a]
Regulated by
Balochi Academy, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan Balochi Academy Sarbaz, Sarbaz, Iran
Language codes
ISO 639-2
bal
ISO 639-3
bal – inclusive code Individual codes: bgp – Eastern Balochi bgn – Western Balochi bcc – Southern Balochi
Glottolog
balo1260
Linguasphere
58-AAB-a > 58-AAB-aa (East Balochi) + 58-AAB-ab (West Balochi) + 58-AAB-ac (South Balochi) + 58-AAB-ad (Bashkardi)
Approximate geographic distribution of Balochi
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Balochi (بلۏچی, romanized: Balòci) is a Northwestern Iranian language. spoken primarily in the Balochistan region of Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. In addition, there are speakers in Oman, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkmenistan, East Africa and in diaspora communities in other parts of the world.[2] The total number of speakers, according to Ethnologue, is 8.8 million.[1] Of these, 6.28 million are in Pakistan.[3]
According to Brian Spooner,[4]
Literacy for most Baloch-speakers is not in Balochi, but in Urdu in Pakistan and Persian in Afghanistan and Iran. Even now very few Baloch read Balochi, in any of the countries, even though the alphabet in which it is printed is essentially identical to Persian and Urdu.
Balochi belongs to the Western Iranian subgroup, and its original homeland is suggested to be around the central Caspian region.[5]
^ abBalochi at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Eastern Balochi at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Western Balochi at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023) Southern Balochi at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
^Spooner, Brian (2011). "10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language". In Schiffman, Harold F. (ed.). Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors. Brill. p. 319. ISBN 978-9004201453. It [Balochi] is spoken by three to five million people in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman and the Persian Gulf states, Turkmenistan, East Africa, and diaspora communities in other parts of the world.
^"Table 11 – Population by Mother Tongue, Sex and Rural/Urban" (PDF). Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
^Spooner, Brian (2011). "10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language". In Schiffman, Harold F. (ed.). Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors. Brill. p. 320. ISBN 978-9004201453.
^Elfenbein, J. (1988). "Baluchistan iii. Baluchi Language and Literature". Encyclopedia Iranica. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
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