Global InformationAustria information
Republic of Austria Republik Österreich (German) | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Anthem: "Bundeshymne der Republik Österreich" "National Anthem of the Republic of Austria" | |
  Location of Austria (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) | |
| Capital and largest city | Vienna 48°12′N 16°21′E / 48.200°N 16.350°E |
| Official languages | German[a][b] |
| National language | Austrian German[c] |
| Official regional languages |
|
| Ethnic groups (2020)[3] |
|
| Religion (2021)[4] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Austrian |
| Government | Federal semi-presidential republic[5][d] |
• President | Alexander Van der Bellen |
• Chancellor | Karl Nehammer |
| Legislature | Parliament |
• Upper house | Federal Council |
• Lower house | National Council |
| Formation | |
• Name | 1 November 996 |
• Duchy | 17 September 1156 |
• Archduchy | 6 January 1453 |
• Empire | 11 August 1804 |
• Austria-Hungary | 30 March 1867 |
• Republic of German-Austria | 12 November 1918 |
• First Republic | 10 September 1919 |
• Federal State | 1 May 1934 |
• Anschluss | 13 March 1938 |
• Second Republic | 27 April 1945 |
• State Treaty | 27 July 1955 |
• Joined the European Union | 1 January 1995 |
| Area | |
• Total | 83,879[6] km2 (32,386 sq mi) (113th) |
• Water (%) | 0.84 (2015)[7] |
| Population | |
• April 2022 estimate |  9,027,999[8] (98th) |
• Density | 107.6/km2 (278.7/sq mi) (106th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total |  $634.362 billion[9] (43rd) |
• Per capita | $69,460[9] (14th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $540.887 billion[9] (33rd) |
• Per capita | $59,225[9] (17th) |
| Gini (2021) |  26.7[10]low |
| HDI (2022) | 0.926[11] very high (22nd) |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +43 |
| ISO 3166 code | AT |
| Internet TLD | .at |
Austria,[e] formally the Republic of Austria,[f] is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps.[13] It is a federation of nine federal states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous city and federal state. Austria is bordered by Germany to the northwest, the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia to the northeast, Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The country occupies an area of 83,879 km2 (32,386 sq mi) and has a population of around 9 million.[14]
Austria emerged from the remnants of the Eastern and Hungarian March at the end of the first millennium. Originally a margraviate of Bavaria, it developed into a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire in 1156 and was later made an archduchy in 1453. In the 16th century, Vienna began serving as the empire's administrative capital and Austria thus became the heartland of the Habsburg monarchy. Before the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire two years later, in 1804, Austria established its own empire, which became a great power and the dominant member of the German Confederation. The empire's defeat in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 led to the end of the Confederation and paved the way for the establishment of Austria-Hungary a year later. Austria was the common name for the non-Hungarian parts of the state, also known as Cisleithania.
After the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914, Emperor Franz Joseph declared war on Serbia, which ultimately escalated into World War I. The empire's defeat and subsequent collapse led to the proclamation of the Republic of German-Austria in 1918 and the First Austrian Republic in 1919. During the interwar period, anti-parliamentarian sentiments culminated in the formation of an Austrofascist dictatorship under Engelbert Dollfuss in 1934. A year before the outbreak of World War II, Austria was annexed into Nazi Germany by Adolf Hitler, and it became a sub-national division. After its liberation in 1945 and a decade of Allied occupation, the country regained its sovereignty and declared its perpetual neutrality in 1955.
Austria is a semi-presidential[d] representative democracy with a popularly elected president as head of state and a chancellor as head of government and chief executive. Major cities include Vienna, Graz, Linz, Salzburg, and Innsbruck. Austria has the 17th highest nominal GDP per capita with high standards of living; it was ranked 25th in the world for its Human Development Index in 2021.
Austria has been a member of the United Nations since 1955[15] and of the European Union since 1995.[16] It hosts the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and is a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Interpol.[17] It also signed the Schengen Agreement in 1995,[18] and adopted the euro currency in 1999.[19]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
demokratiewebstatt.atwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Regional Languages of Austriawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Bevölkerung nach Migrationshintergrund" (in Austrian German). www.statistik.at. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
- ^ "Religionsbekenntnis – STATISTIK AUSTRIA – die Informationsmanager". Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ "Hofburg-Wahl: 'Österreich ist ein sehr ungewöhnlicher Fall'" (in Austrian German). 22 September 2022. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
- ^ "Austria EN" (PDF). Migrants Refugees. The Vatican. April 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ "Population by Year-/Quarter-beginning". 8 June 2022. Archived from the original on 12 June 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Austria)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
- ^ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". Eurostat. Archived from the original on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. p. 288. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ Roach, Peter (2011), Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-15253-2
- ^ "Austria". UNGEGN World Geographical Names. New York, NY: United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
- ^ Hanes, D.M. (1 September 1994). Studies of granular flow down an inclined chute. Quarterly technical progress report: Year four, Quarter two, 13 March—12 June 1994 (Report). US Department of Energy. doi:10.2172/10182964.
- ^ Jelavich 267
- ^ "Austria". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 14 May 2009. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- ^ "Austria About". OECD. Archived from the original on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
- ^ "Austria joins Schengen". Migration News. May 1995. Archived from the original on 7 July 2009. Retrieved 30 May 2009.
- ^ "Austria and the euro". European Commission – European Commission. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.