Attributable fraction among the exposed information
Group exposed to a risk factor (left) has increased risk of an adverse outcome (black) compared to the unexposed group (right). In the exposed group, one third of the adverse outcomes can be attributed to the exposure (AFe = 1/3).
In epidemiology, attributable fraction among the exposed (AFe) is the proportion of incidents in the exposed group that are attributable to the risk factor. The term attributable risk percent among the exposed is used if the fraction is expressed as a percentage.[1] It is calculated as , where is the incidence in the exposed group, is the incidence in the unexposed group, and is the relative risk.[2]
It is used when an exposure increases the risk, as opposed to reducing it, in which case its symmetrical notion is preventable fraction among the unexposed.
^Porta, Miquel, ed. (2014). "A Dictionary of Epidemiology". Dictionary of Epidemiology - Oxford Reference. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199976720.001.0001. ISBN 9780199976720. Retrieved 2018-05-09.
epidemiology, attributablefractionamongtheexposed (AFe) is the proportion of incidents in theexposed group that are attributable to the risk factor. The term...
epidemiology, attributablefraction for the population (AFp) is the proportion of incidents in the population that are attributable to the risk factor. The term...
symmetrical notion is attributablefractionamongtheexposed.[citation needed] Population Impact Measures Preventable fraction for the population Aschengrau...
The risk difference (RD), excess risk, or attributable risk is the difference between the risk of an outcome in theexposed group and the unexposed group...
In medicine, the number needed to harm (NNH) is an epidemiological measure that indicates how many persons on average need to be exposed to a risk factor...
the experimental units are a random sample from the larger population; the probable error of such an extrapolation depends on the sample size, among other...
PPI) in medical research refers to the practice where people with health conditions (patients), carers and members of the public work together with researchers...
and other medical information. The medical writer develops any of the five modules of the Common Technical Document. The medical writers also ensure that...
In epidemiology, the relative risk reduction (RRR) or efficacy is the relative decrease in the risk of an adverse event in theexposed group compared to...
epidemiological) involving human beings. The goal of a clinical study is to assess the safety, efficacy, and / or the mechanism of action of an investigational...
symmetrical notion is attributablefraction for the population.[citation needed] Population Impact Measures Preventable fractionamongthe unexposed Porta,...
published sooner for time-sensitive diseases, and for fewer patients to be exposed to the risks of a clinical trial. Platform trials may be appropriate for phase...
The relative risk (RR) or risk ratio is the ratio of the probability of an outcome in an exposed group to the probability of an outcome in an unexposed...
are related to alcohol. By comparison, about 5.9% of global deaths are attributable to alcohol consumption. Because of negative stereotypes and biases based...
estimated 3.6% of all cancer cases and 3.5% of cancer deaths worldwide are attributable to consumption of alcohol (more specifically, acetaldehyde, a metabolic...
significant change in the number of deaths caused by all forms of pollution since at least 2015. Outdoor air pollution attributable to fossil fuel use alone...
the German association Germanwatch, France ranks 15th (out of 183 countries) amongthe nations most exposed to extreme weather events worldwide. The NGO...
have died. Period LEB is the mean length of life of a hypothetical cohort assumed to be exposed, from birth through death, to the mortality rates observed...
seven on the INES. No adverse health effects among Fukushima residents or power station workers have been documented that are directly attributable to radiation...
leukaemia amongthe general population. However, there was psychological worry about the effects of radiation. The total deaths reliably attributable by UNSCEAR...
various fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum (crude oil). Such oils include distillates (the lighter fractions) and residues (the heavier...
daily injuries were attributable to gun violence in the United States. In 2018, the most recent year for which data are available, the Centers for Disease...
reactions are immunoglobulin E–mediated, with the remaining usually attributable to inflammation of the colon. Some people are unable to tolerate milk...
significant fraction of the LLE is considered to be unavoidable. According to the WHO, worldwide, about 0.5 million deaths are attributable to uses of...
in the development of the opposable thumb. It has also been hypothesized that much of the difference between humans and chimpanzees is attributable to...
and amongthe many long-lasting greenhouse gases, it is the most important because it makes up the largest fraction of the atmosphere. Since the industrial...
(1989-08-04). "Lung cancer mortality among nonsmoking uranium miners exposed to radon daughters". Journal of the American Medical Association. 262 (5):...
Boyd, L; Walker, L C (2011). "16. Thefraction of cancer attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors in the UK in 2010". British Journal of Cancer...
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