Attempt to find a consistent theory of quantum gravity
Beyond the Standard Model
Simulated Large Hadron Collider CMS particle detector data depicting a Higgs boson produced by colliding protons decaying into hadron jets and electrons
Standard Model
Evidence
Hierarchy problem
Dark matter
Dark energy
Quintessence
Phantom energy
Dark radiation
Dark photon
Cosmological constant problem
Strong CP problem
Neutrino oscillation
Theories
Brans–Dicke theory
Cosmic censorship hypothesis
Fifth force
F-theory
Theory of everything
Unified field theory
Grand Unified Theory
Technicolor
Kaluza–Klein theory
6D (2,0) superconformal field theory
Noncommutative quantum field theory
Quantum cosmology
Brane cosmology
String theory
Superstring theory
M-theory
Mathematical universe hypothesis
Mirror matter
Randall–Sundrum model
N = 4 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory
Twistor string theory
Dark fluid
Doubly special relativity
de Sitter invariant special relativity
Causal fermion systems
Black hole thermodynamics
Unparticle physics
Graviphoton
Graviscalar
Graviton
Gravitino
Massive gravity
Gauge gravitation theory
Gauge theory gravity
CPT symmetry
Supersymmetry
MSSM
NMSSM
Superstring theory
M-theory
Supergravity
Supersymmetry breaking
Extra dimensions
Large extra dimensions
Quantum gravity
False vacuum
String theory
Spin foam
Quantum foam
Quantum geometry
Loop quantum gravity
Quantum cosmology
Loop quantum cosmology
Causal dynamical triangulation
Causal fermion systems
Causal sets
Canonical quantum gravity
Semiclassical gravity
Superfluid vacuum theory
Experiments
ANNIE
Gran Sasso
INO
LHC
SNO
Super-K
Tevatron
NOvA
v
t
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Asymptotic safety (sometimes also referred to as nonperturbative renormalizability) is a concept in quantum field theory which aims at finding a consistent and predictive quantum theory of the gravitational field. Its key ingredient is a nontrivial fixed point of the theory's renormalization group flow which controls the behavior of the coupling constants in the ultraviolet (UV) regime and renders physical quantities safe from divergences. Although originally proposed by Steven Weinberg to find a theory of quantum gravity, the idea of a nontrivial fixed point providing a possible UV completion can be applied also to other field theories, in particular to perturbatively nonrenormalizable ones. In this respect, it is similar to quantum triviality.
The essence of asymptotic safety is the observation that nontrivial renormalization group fixed points can be used to generalize the procedure of perturbative renormalization. In an asymptotically safe theory the couplings do not need to be small or tend to zero in the high energy limit but rather tend to finite values: they approach a nontrivial UV fixed point. The running of the coupling constants, i.e. their scale dependence described by the renormalization group (RG), is thus special in its UV limit in the sense that all their dimensionless combinations remain finite. This suffices to avoid unphysical divergences, e.g. in scattering amplitudes. The requirement of a UV fixed point restricts the form of the bare action and the values of the bare coupling constants, which become predictions of the asymptotic safety program rather than inputs.
As for gravity, the standard procedure of perturbative renormalization fails since Newton's constant, the relevant expansion parameter, has negative mass dimension rendering general relativity perturbatively nonrenormalizable. This has driven the search for nonperturbative frameworks describing quantum gravity, including asymptotic safety which – in contrast to other approaches – is characterized by its use of quantum field theory methods, without depending on perturbative techniques, however. At the present time, there is accumulating evidence for a fixed point suitable for asymptotic safety, while a rigorous proof of its existence is still lacking.
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