Forced expulsion by Nazis of "non-Aryans" from public life
For the process whereby northern India became dominated by Indo-Aryan speakers, see Indo-Aryan migration.
"Herzmansky is purely Aryan again!" – The Herzmansky department store in Vienna was confiscated after the Anschluss.
Aryanization (German: Arisierung) was the Nazi term for the seizure of property from Jews and its transfer to non-Jews, and the forced expulsion of Jews from economic life in Nazi Germany, Axis-aligned states, and their occupied territories. It entailed the transfer of Jewish property into "Aryan" or non-Jewish hands.
"Aryanization" is, according to Kreutzmüller and Zaltin in Dispossession: Plundering German Jewry, 1933-1953, "a Nazi slogan that was used to camouflage theft and its political consequences."[1]
The process started in 1933 in Nazi Germany with transfers of Jewish property and ended with the Holocaust.[2][3] Two phases have generally been identified: a first phase in which the theft from Jewish victims was concealed under a veneer of legality, and a second phase, in which property was more openly confiscated. In both cases, Aryanization corresponded to Nazi policy and was defined, supported, and enforced by Germany's legal and financial bureaucracy.[4][5][6][7][8]
Michael Bazyler wrote that the Holocaust was "both the greatest murder and the greatest theft in history". Between $230 and $320 billion (in 2005 US dollars) was stolen from Jews across Europe,[9] with hundreds of thousands of businesses Aryanized.[10]
^Kreutzmüller, Christoph; Zatlin, Jonathan (2020). Dispossession: Plundering German Jewry, 1933-1953. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. doi:10.3998/mpub.9315192. ISBN 978-0-472-13203-4. S2CID 240613308.
^Bopf, Britta (2004). "Arisierung" in Köln: Die wirtschaftliche Existenzvernichtung der Juden 1933-1945. Cologne: Emons Verlag Köln. ISBN 389705311X. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
^Shoah Resource Center. "Aryanization" (PDF). Yad Vashem. Yad Vashem. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
^"Confiscation of Jewish Property in Europe, 1933–1945 New Sources and Perspectives Symposium Proceedings" (PDF). UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES. 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017. Particularly impressive and equally disturbing is the robbers' effort to ensure that property confiscation was carried out by "legal" means through a vast array of institutions and organizations set up for this purpose. The immensely bureaucratic nature of the confiscation process emerges from the vast archival trail that has survived. Arguments that no one knew about the Jews' fate become untenable once it is clear how many people were involved in processing their property. "Legal" measures often masked theft, but blatant robbery and extortion through intimidation and physical assault were also commonplace.
^Döblin, Alfred (28 November 2010). "Plünderung jüdischen Eigentums Billigende Inkaufnahme "Wie Deutsche ihre jüdischen Mitbürger verwerteten": Die Enteignung der Juden ist gut dokumentiert. Wolfgang Dreßen hat die Akten gesichtet". Die Tageszeitung: Taz. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^Kieser, Albrecht (February 15, 2006). "Späte Enthüllungen An der Aufklärung über Arisierungen ist man in Deutschland noch immer nicht sonderlich interessiert". Telopolis. Heise Online. Archived from the original on December 2, 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^"Das Finanzamt Moabit-West "verwertete" das Hab und Gut jüdischer Opfer des Nationalsozialismus". Berline Woche. Berline Woche. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^""Arisierung" in Köln". Portal Rheinische Geschichte. Landschaftsverband Rheinland. Archived from the original on 20 March 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^Bazyler, Michael J. (2005). Holocaust Justice: The Battle for Restitution in America's Courts. NYU Press. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-8147-2938-0.
^Gotz., Aly (2016). Hitler's beneficiaries. Verso Books. ISBN 978-1-78478-634-2. OCLC 946605582.
Aryanization (German: Arisierung) was the Nazi term for the seizure of property from Jews and its transfer to non-Jews, and the forced expulsion of Jews...
state in May 1942. The First Aryanization Law was passed in April 1940. Through a process known as "voluntary Aryanization", Jewish business owners could...
publisher and industrialist. Under Nazi Germany he prospered by the Aryanization and expropriation of Jewish businesses. Toward the end of World War II...
movies, theater, music, and visual arts. The goal was to stimulate the Aryanization of German culture and to prohibit postmodern trends such as surrealism...
union established in Germany in May 1933, associated with the wider Aryanization campaign of the NSDAP-government. It had similar goals to the Deutsches...
lived at Rupenhorn 5 at Stößensee in Berlin in a house that had been Aryanized, that is forcibly sold, from its Jewish owner, Paul Lindemann. The Lindemann...
Köln, p. 133 ""Aryanization"". encyclopedia.ushmm.org. Archived from the original on 13 November 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2021. Aryanization" (in German...
blue/green/gray eyes, were considered to be a Nordic admixture and suitable for Aryanization. In the United States, the groups most associated with the white-supremacist...
Augustus, Amsterdam 2015, ISBN 978-90-450-2965-8 The Holocaust in Austria Aryanization Gustav Klimt "Irene Hellmann-Redlich". Joods Monument. 1882-11-03. Retrieved...
state-corporate crime. Corporations participated extensively in the process of Aryanization, in which Jews were removed from the economy, in particular by dismissal...
Musikzeitschrift, 10/2008. Als PDF bei irenesuchy.org The Holocaust in Austria Aryanization Gustav Klimt "Henriette Amalie Lieser | AustriaWiki im Austria-Forum"...
formation of Judenräte (Jewish councils), ordered a census, and promoted Aryanization plans for Jewish-owned businesses and farms, among other measures. The...
towards a right-wing alignment with a distinct anti-communist stance. The Aryanization of the Ullstein Verlag was played down. The Ullstein book-publishing...
and consecration of national pasts. pp. 349–378. Bhan, Suraj (2002). "Aryanization of the Indus Civilization". In Panikkar, K. N.; Byres, T. J.; Patnaik...
occupation of France in 1940, Les Galeries Lafayette underwent a process of "Aryanization", that is the removal of Jewish owners and their replacement by non-Jewish...
Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-2994-1. Bhan, Suraj (2002). "Aryanization of the Indus Civilization". In K. N. Panikkar; T. J. Byres; U. Patnaik...
thus participating indirectly in extermination through labour. Through Aryanization of the property of Jews displaced or murdered during the Holocaust Commerzbank...
Deloitte in 2013 to form Deloitte Corporate Finance Mendelssohn & Co. aryanized by the Nazis in 1938, sold in parts to Deutsche Bank Merrill Lynch & Co...
November 9/10, 1938, Franziska Heinemann's share was also "aryanized" by Zinckgraf. The Aryanization negotiations, however, took a good year at the Chamber...
that a large swath of the populace was "capable of Aryanization", such capacity for Aryanization was supported by the position that part of the Czech...
Haberstock's many spoliation activities documented by the ALIU was the aryanization, with the assistance of Baron von Poellnitz and Roger Louis Adolphe Dequoy...
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