Archidamus I, also spelled ArchidamosI (Ancient Greek: Ἀρχίδαμος Α΄), was a king of Sparta, 12th of the Eurypontids. He reigned from c. 660 to c. 645.[1]
His relationship to other Spartan kings is unclear. According to Herodotus, Archidamus was the son of Anaxandridas I and fathered Anaxilas. According to Pausanias, Archidamus was the son of Anaxidamus and fathered Agasicles.
Archidamus was contemporary with the Tegeatan War, which followed soon after the end of the Second Messenian War, in 668 BC.[2]
Archidamus is the first Spartan king to bear the word damos in his name. Previously, royal names of both dynasties often included the word laus. These words already existed during the Mycenaean era, in which Laos meant people and damos designated a small community, but in the 7th century the latter word acquired a political meaning, that of the citizens as a whole. As the Eurypontids were the junior of the Agiads, it seems that they tried to compensate their inferiority by courting citizens. Then, damos-names often appear among the Eurypontids, such as Damaratos, Zeuxidamos, and the later Archidamos.[1]
^ abCartledge, Agesilaos, p. 23.
^Tod, Marcus Niebuhr (1911). "Archidamus s.v. 5." . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 367. This cites Paus. iii. 7. § 69 comp. 3. § 5.
Agasicles. Archidamus was contemporary with the Tegeatan War, which followed soon after the end of the Second Messenian War, in 668 BC. Archidamus is the...
Archidamus may refer to: one of several kings of Sparta: ArchidamusI (c. 600–575 BC) Archidamus II (469–427 BC) Archidamus III (360–338 BC) Archidamus...
whom Leotychidas gave in marriage to his grandson Archidamus. They had a son Agis II. Archidamus' later second marriage was to Eupoleia. The Ephors objected...
Archidamus III (died 338 BC) /ˌɑːrkɪˈdeɪməs/ (Greek: Ἀρχίδαμος Archídamos) was the son of Agesilaus II and king of Sparta from 360 to 338 BC. While still...
themselves, however, were named after the twins' grandsons, the kings Agis I and Eurypon, respectively. The Agiad line was regarded as being senior to...
Archidamus IV (Greek: Ἀρχίδαμος Δ΄) was Eurypontid king of Sparta from c. 300 BC to c. 275 BC. An obscure king, Archidamus is only known for his defeat...
– poet ArchidamusI – King of Sparta Archidamus II – King of Sparta Archidamus III – King of Sparta Archidamus IV – King of Sparta Archidamus V – King...
Herodotus, Anaxandrias was the son of king Theopompus and the father of king ArchidamusI. If Anaxandridas actually existed, he would have reigned in the early...
that Archidamus left while the decisive battle was about to take place shows that he did not think that the Greeks had a chance to win. Archidamus III...
Ἡγησικλῆς), was a king of Sparta, the 13th of the line of Procles. Son of ArchidamusI, he was contemporary with the Agiad Leon, and succeeded his father, probably...
Messenian Wars, 668 BC (Paus. iii. 7. § 5.) He was succeeded by his son ArchidamusI. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public...
his son Archidamus with his friend's niece, which explains how the name Eudamidas entered the catalogue of names of the Eurypontids. Archidamus had two...
because the infant Pausanias was in no position to contest Archidamus. For this reason, Archidamus constantly opposed Pleistoanax's recall from exile, despite...
his History of the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides ascribes a speech to Archidamus II in which he stresses the importance for Sparta of civic education for...
named the Ten Years War, or the Archidamian War, after the Spartan king Archidamus II, who invaded Attica several times with the full hoplite army of the...
king of the Chu State (Warring States Period) Archidamus V, king of Sparta of the Eurypontid line Arsames I, king of Armenia, Sophene and Commagene Hamilcar...
his rule to Pherae, and to join the Boeotian League. The Spartans under Archidamus III are defeated by the Arcadians at Cromnus. The Athenian general, Iphicrates...
Archidamus II by his first wife, and half-brother of Agesilaus II. He ruled with his Agiad co-monarch Pausanias. Agis succeeded his father Archidamus...
was embalmed in wax, and buried at Sparta. He was succeeded by his son Archidamus III. Agesilaus was of small stature and unimpressive appearance, and was...
sentenced to exile and his house burned. He was succeeded by his grandson, Archidamus II, son of his son Zeuxidamus, called Cyniscus, who had died in his father's...
he returns to Thebes, he is again put on trial, and again acquitted. Archidamus III, son of Agesilaus II of Sparta, commands a Spartan army which scores...
co-king by his elder brother Cleomenes III in the place of the Eurypontid Archidamus V. He reigned between 227 and 222, when he died in the Battle of Sellasia...
years. Aristophanes produces Daitaleis (The Banqueters) Sparta's King Archidamus II is succeeded by his son Agis II. Following the surrender of Mytilene...
Nothing is known of Areus' co-king Archidamus IV after his defeat against Demetrios Poliorketes in 294, and Archidamus' son Eudamidas II is the most obscure...
revolt against their Spartan masters following the severe earthquake, King Archidamus II organises the defence of Sparta. The helots fortify themselves at Mount...
and Matapontus. In 342 BC, Tarentum called for the aid of Archidamus III of Sparta. Archidamus died in battle under the walls of the Messapian city of Manduria...
his completion of the three orations, Isocrates wrote an oration for Archidamus, the prince of Sparta. Isocrates considered the settling of the Thebans...
Global Information