This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Apex beat" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. Please help improve it to make it understandable to non-experts, without removing the technical details.(October 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
(Learn how and when to remove this message)
The apex beat (lat. ictus cordis), also called the apical impulse,[1] is the pulse felt at the point of maximum impulse (PMI), which is the point on the precordium farthest outwards (laterally) and downwards (inferiorly) from the sternum at which the cardiac impulse can be felt. The cardiac impulse is the vibration resulting from the heart rotating, moving forward, and striking against the chest wall during systole. The PMI is not the apex of the heart but is on the precordium not far from it. Another theory for the occurrence of the PMI is the early systolic contraction of the longitudinal fibers of the left ventricle located on the endocardial surface of this chamber. This period of the cardiac cycle is called isovolumic contraction. Because the contraction starts near the base of the left ventricle and spreads toward the apex most of the longitudinal fibers of the left ventricle have shortened before the apex. The rapidly increasing pressure developed by the shortening of these fibers causes the aortic valve to open and the apex to move outward causing the PMI. Anatomical dissection of the musculature of the apex reveals that muscle fibers are no longer longitudinal oriented but form a spiral mass of muscular tissues which may also have an effect on the ability of the apex to contract longitudinally. After the longitudinal fibers contract, the ejection of blood out of the left ventricle is accomplished by the torsional (as one would wring out a face cloth) action of the circumferential muscle fibers of the left ventricle that are in the mid-portion of the ventricle and contract after the longitudinal fibers. During the longitudinal fiber contraction, the volume of the left ventricle has not changed keeping the apex in intimate contact with the chest wall allowing the ability to feel the apex move outward before the heart empties greater than 55% of its volume and the apex falling away from the chest wall. [2]
^Lynn S. Bickley; Peter G. Szilagyi (1 December 2008). Bates' guide to physical examination and history taking. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 357–. ISBN 978-0-7817-8058-2.
^Visualization of the point of maximal impulse and "S4" on echocardiogram: an observation. Conn Med. 2007 Feb;71(2):85–8.
The apexbeat (lat. ictus cordis), also called the apical impulse, is the pulse felt at the point of maximum impulse (PMI), which is the point on the...
for Frank's sign. Then inspect the precordium for: visible pulsations apexbeat masses scars lesions signs of trauma and previous surgery (e.g. median...
Apex Legends is a free-to-play battle royale-hero shooter game developed by Respawn Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts. It was released for...
This is a list of cardiology mnemonics, categorized and alphabetized. For mnemonics in other medical specialities, see this list of medical mnemonics....
arteries off the left ventricle during the left ventricular systole). Apexbeat Cardiac action potential Cardiac output Pulse Pollock JD, Makaryus AN...
or audible sounds at the heart apex, in which case it is not the pulse. The pulse deficit (difference between heart beats and pulsations at the periphery)...
the mid-clavicular line is used as a reference in describing cardiac apexbeat during medical examination. It is also useful for evaluating an enlarged...
mid-clavicular line is used as part of the cardiac exam in medicine to feel the apexbeat of the heart. Special terms are used to describe the mouth and teeth....
stenosis, the first heart sound is usually loud and may be palpable (tapping apexbeat) because of increased force in closing the mitral valve. The first heart...
movement, pain in the epigastrium (upper abdomen), displacement of the apexbeat (heart impulse), and resonant sound when tapping the sternum. Tension...
Institute, US The pulse at the point of maximum impulse (PMI) is the apexbeat of the heart Post-mortem interval, the time since a death Positive material...
regular season and in playoffs, Apex qualified for the 2016 NA LCS Summer Split promotion tournament. There, Apexbeat Team Dragon Knights in the qualifying...
Other signs of left ventricular failure include a laterally displaced apexbeat (which occurs when the heart is enlarged) and a gallop rhythm (additional...
sounds are normal. Larger VSDs may cause a parasternal heave, a displaced apexbeat (the palpable heartbeat moves laterally over time, as the heart enlarges)...
laterally displaced apexbeat, often with heave. The first heart sound is followed by a high-pitched holosystolic murmur at the apex, radiating to the back...
The Apex Legends Global Series (ALGS) is a global competitive esports tournament series for the video game Apex Legends run by Electronic Arts and Respawn...
Other peripheral signs include:[citation needed] sustained, heaving apexbeat, which is not displaced unless systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle...
myocardial ischaemia or, in extreme cases, outflow obstruction. A forceful apexbeat indicates left ventricular pressure overload, while a right ventricular...
model with only 400 units, and was based on the Kouki Sprinter Trueno GT-APEX 3-door liftback. The AE86 was available with a naturally aspirated 4A-GE...
following are pertinent things related to a general / broad cardiac exam. Apexbeat (point of maximum impulse) Bruits: carotid, renal Edema of the lower extremities...
Edinburgh. His observations on the origin of the heart sounds and of the apexbeat of the heart made a significant contribution to the debate. He was born...
the heart rotates in clockwise direction, shifting the location for apexbeat occurrence. Hence cardiac physical examination also helps as heart sounds...
Eweek.com. Archived from the original on September 9, 2012. "What is Apex? | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers". Retrieved November 7, 2017...
the level of the third costal cartilage. The lower tip of the heart, the apex, lies to the left of the sternum (8 to 9 cm from the midsternal line) between...
NRG announced the dissolution of their Apex Legends team, citing lack of support from EA for competitive Apex as the reason. On February 11, 2019, NRG...
Melbourne, Australia, before being shot and killed by police. Apex – Apex, otherwise known as the Apex Gang, was a term used to describe an informal group of...
Global Information
