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Apatornis information


Apatornis
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous, 83.5 Ma
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
↓
Holotype of A. celer
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: Theropoda
Clade: Avialae
Clade: Ornithurae
Genus: †Apatornis
Marsh, 1873b
Species:
†A. celer
Binomial name
†Apatornis celer
(Marsh, 1873a)
Synonyms
  • Ichthyornis celer Marsh, 1873a

Apatornis is a genus of ornithuran dinosaurs endemic to North America during the late Cretaceous. It currently contains a single species, Apatornis celer, which lived around the Santonian-Campanian boundary, dated to about 83.5 million years ago. The remains of this species were found in the Smoky Hill Chalk of the Niobrara Formation in Kansas, United States. It is known from a single fossil specimen: a synsacrum, the fused series of vertebrae over the hips.

While the known fossil remains are very incomplete, enough has been found to reasonably estimate that the body length was between 7–8 inches (18–20 cm).[1]

The type specimen of A. celer, YPM 1451, was reportedly discovered by Othniel Charles Marsh in October 1872 at Butte Creek in Logan County, Kansas. This location is now recognized as falling between Marker Units 15 and 19 of the Smoky Hill Chalk geological formation. An additional, more complete specimen had also been referred to Apatornis celer by Marsh.[2] This more complete specimen had historically been the one used almost exclusively to form the basis of what was known about Apatornis. However, Julia Clarke noted in 2004 that because the second specimen did not preserve any of the same bones as the first, the two could not be scientifically compared. Clarke therefore reclassified the second specimen as its own genus and species, Iaceornis marshi.[3]

  1. ^ Perrins, Christopher (1987) [1979]. Harrison, C.J.O. (ed.). Birds: Their Lifes, Their Ways, Their World. Reader's Digest Association, Inc. pp. 167–168. ISBN 0895770652.
  2. ^ O. C. Marsh. 1873. On a new sub-class of fossil birds (Odontornithes). American Journal of Science and Arts 5(2):161-162
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference clarke2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Austinornis

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Avialae

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Othniel Charles Marsh

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