Therizinosaurid genus from the Late Cretaceous period
Therizinosaurus
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian),72.1–66 Ma
PreꞒ
Ꞓ
O
S
D
C
P
T
J
K
Pg
N
Mounted forelimbs of specimen MPC-D 100/15 at Nagoya City Science Museum
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Clade:
Dinosauria
Clade:
Saurischia
Clade:
Theropoda
Superfamily:
†Therizinosauroidea
Family:
†Therizinosauridae
Genus:
†Therizinosaurus Maleev, 1954
Type species
†Therizinosaurus cheloniformis
Maleev, 1954
Therizinosaurus (/ˌθɛrəˌzɪnoʊˈsɔːrəs/ⓘ; meaning 'scythe lizard') is a genus of very large therizinosaurid that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now the Nemegt Formation around 72.1 million years ago to 66 million years ago. It contains a single species, Therizinosaurus cheloniformis. The first remains of Therizinosaurus were found in 1948 by a Mongolian field expedition at the Gobi Desert and later described by Evgeny Maleev in 1954. The genus is only known from a few bones, including gigantic manual unguals (claw bones), from which it gets its name, and additional findings comprising fore and hindlimb elements that were discovered from the 1960s through the 1980s.
Therizinosaurus was a colossal therizinosaurid that could grow up to 9–10 m (30–33 ft) long and 4–5 m (13–16 ft) tall, and weigh possibly over 5 t (5.5 short tons). Like other therizinosaurids, it would have been a slow-moving, long-necked, high browser equipped with a rhamphotheca (horny beak) and a wide torso for food processing. Its forelimbs were particularly robust and had three fingers that bore unguals which, unlike other relatives, were very stiffened, elongated, and only had significant curvatures at the tips. Therizinosaurus had the longest known manual unguals of any land animal, reaching above 50 cm (20 in) in length. Its hindlimbs ended in four functionally weight-bearing toes differing from other theropod groups in which the first toe was reduced to a dewclaw and also resembling the very distantly related sauropodomorphs.
It was one of the last and the largest representative of its unique group, the Therizinosauria (formerly known as Segnosauria; the segnosaurs). During and after its original description in 1954, Therizinosaurus had rather complex relationships due to the lack of complete specimens and relatives at the time. Maleev thought the remains of Therizinosaurus to belong to a large turtle-like reptile, and also named a separate family for the genus: Therizinosauridae. Later on, with the discovery of more complete relatives, Therizinosaurus and kin were thought to represent some kind of Late Cretaceous sauropodomorphs or transitional ornithischians, even though at some point it was suggested that it may have been a theropod. After years of taxonomic debate, nevertheless, they are now placed in one of the major dinosaur clades, Theropoda, specifically as maniraptorans. Therizinosaurus is widely recovered within Therizinosauridae by most analyses.
The unusual arms and body anatomy (extrapolated after relatives) of Therizinosaurus have been cited as an example of convergent evolution with chalicotheriines and other primarily herbivorous mammals, suggesting similar feeding habits. The elongated hand claws of Therizinosaurus were more useful when pulling vegetation within reach rather than being used for active attack or defense because of their fragility, however, they may have had some role for intimidation. Its arms also were particularly resistant to stress, which suggests a robust use of these limbs. Therizinosaurus was a very tall animal, likely having a reduced competition over the foliage in its habitat and outmatching predators like Tarbosaurus.
years ago. It contains a single species, Therizinosaurus cheloniformis. The first remains of Therizinosaurus were found in 1948 by a Mongolian field expedition...
hindlimbs assigned to Therizinosaurus in 1982 were segnosaurian, they did not consider this justification for Therizinosaurus itself being a segnosaur...
therizinosaurids Nothronychus and Therizinosaurus. Not only that but the biceps muscle was prominently well-developed in Therizinosaurus. In Segnosaurus, the deltopectoral...
the Tyrannosaurus rex throws the Giganotosaurus onto the claws of a Therizinosaurus. The Giganotosaurus went through many design changes, which included...
similar to the snout of duck-billed hadrosaurids. Deinocheirus and Therizinosaurus possessed the longest forelimbs known for any bipedal dinosaurs. The...
pterosaurs. During their separation, Claire has encounters with a Therizinosaurus and a Dilophosaurus. Owen and Kayla eventually find her, and the couple...
hindlimbs assigned to Therizinosaurus in 1982 were segnosaurian but did not consider this a sufficient justification for Therizinosaurus itself being a segnosaur...
theropods included Giganotosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus and Tyrannosaurus. Therizinosaurus and Deinocheirus were among the tallest of the theropods. The largest...
Nanshiungosaurus is classified as a therizinosaurian dinosaur. Along with Therizinosaurus and Segnosaurus, Nanshiungosaurus was one of the earliest therizinosaurs...
dinosaurs are introduced with advanced methods by Biosyn. Pyroraptor and Therizinosaurus are among the feathered dinosaurs introduced in the film, as well as...
theropods, have turned out to be non-carnivorous coelurosaurs related to Therizinosaurus. Senter (2007) listed 59 different published phylogenies since 1984...
Larry Lambeosaurus, Eugene Euoplocephalus, Mr. Quetzalcoatlus, Mr. Therizinosaurus, Zhuang Zigongosaurus, Quinn Qantassaurus and Apollo Apatosaurus Dinotrux...
noted that the hands of some therizinosaurids (such as Nothronyhus or Therizinosaurus) were more effective when piercing or pulling down vegetation. The...
the naming of the ankylosaur Talarurus and theropods Tarbosaurus and Therizinosaurus along with the family Therizinosauridae. Evgeny Aleksandrovich Maleev...
also interpreted Therizinosaurus as a carnosaur theropod. 1976 Barsbold proposed the Deinocheirosauria and included Therizinosaurus as a member. In another...
prehistoric mammals that lives in the Savage Land's jungles. Therizinosaurus – The Therizinosaurus is one of the dinosaurs that lives in the Savage Land's...
fire, while an Atrociraptor and ankylosaur reap its rewards. Juvenile Therizinosaurus attempt to climb up to a beehive. A Hatzegopteryx preys on juvenile...
Global Information
