For the organization, see Animal Ethics (organization).
Animal ethics is a branch of ethics which examines human-animal relationships, the moral consideration of animals and how nonhuman animals ought to be treated. The subject matter includes animal rights, animal welfare, animal law, speciesism, animal cognition, wildlife conservation, wild animal suffering,[1] the moral status of nonhuman animals, the concept of nonhuman personhood, human exceptionalism, the history of animal use, and theories of justice.[2][3] Several different theoretical approaches have been proposed to examine this field, in accordance with the different theories currently defended in moral and political philosophy.[4][5][6] There is no theory which is completely accepted due to the differing understandings of what is meant by the term ethics; however, there are theories that are more widely accepted by society such as animal rights and utilitarianism.[7][8]
^Moen, Ole Martin (2016-05-09). "The ethics of wild animal suffering". Etikk I Praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics. 10 (1): 91–104. doi:10.5324/eip.v10i1.1972. ISSN 1890-4009.
^Beauchamp, Tom L. "Introduction," in Tom L. Beauchamp and R.G. Frey. The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2011.
^Schaffner, Joan E. An Introduction to Animals and the Law. Palgrave MacMillan, 2011, p. xvii
^Wilson, Scott. 2001. "Animals and ethics." in Fieser, James & Dowden, Bradley (eds.) Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
^Armstrong, Susan J. & Botzler, Richard G. (eds.). 2003. The Animal Ethics Reader. New York: Routledge.
^"Ethical theories and nonhuman animals". Animal Ethics. Retrieved 2020-04-27.
^Ideland, M. (2009-04-01). "Different views on ethics: how animal ethics is situated in a committee culture". Journal of Medical Ethics. 35 (4): 258–261. doi:10.1136/jme.2008.026989. hdl:2043/8746. ISSN 0306-6800. PMID 19332584. S2CID 27790049.
^Sebo, Jeff (2021). "Utilitarianism and Nonhuman Animals". Utilitarianism.net. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
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