Ancient Near Eastern seals and sealing practices information
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Clay bulla impressed with the seal of Barnamtarra, wife of Lugalanda, ensi (ruler) of Lagash. Early Dynastic III, c. 2400 BC. Found in Telloh (ancient Girsu)
Two main types of seals were used in the Ancient Near East, the stamp seal and the cylinder seal. Stamp seals first appeared in 'administrative' contexts in central and northern Mesopotamia in the seventh millennium and were used exclusively until the fifth millennium. Cylinder seals appeared first around 3600 BC in southern Mesopotamia and south-western Iran (Middle Uruk Period). They gradually replaced stamp seals, becoming the tool of a rising class of bureaucrats in the early stages of state formation. Even though stamp seals were still produced in the third and second millennia, cylinder seals predominated. In the first millennium, stamp seals made a strong comeback and eventually replaced cylinder seals entirely.
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Two main types of seals were used in the AncientNear East, the stamp sealand the cylinder seal. Stamp seals first appeared in 'administrative' contexts...
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groups of signs on seals. Seals have been found at Mohenjo-daro depicting a figure standing on its head, and another, on the Pashupati seal, sitting cross-legged...
Annunitum and of the god Aba in Babylon and when he defeated Szarlak, king of Gutium" The final contemporary source are sealsand their sealing dates. These...
impressions of stamp seals, cylinder sealsandseal rings. Many of them have marks of strings that secured bags or boxes and/or attached the sealings to containers...
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Format, andSealingPractices", The Ancient World Revisited: Material Dimensions of Written Artefacts, edited by Marilina Betrò, Michael Friedrich and Cécile...
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applied the seal or for the institution which they represented. These cylinder seals would remain a characteristic element of NearEastern civilization...
mats, twisted cloth, and cords. These seals were only verified at Lothal. Quantitative descriptions along with seals of rulers and owners were stamped...
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