In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Tikhonovich and the family name is Marchenko.
Anatoly Marchenko
Анатолий Марченко
Born
(1938-01-23)23 January 1938
Barabinsk, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia)
Died
8 December 1986(1986-12-08) (aged 48)
Chistopol, Tatar ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union (now Russia)
Cause of death
Hunger strike
Nationality
Russian
Citizenship
Soviet Union
Occupation(s)
Driller, writer, human rights activist
Years active
1958–1986
Known for
Human rights activism, Moscow Helsinki Group co-founder
Movement
Dissident movement in the Soviet Union
Spouse
Larisa Bogoraz
Awards
Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought
Anatoly Tikhonovich Marchenko (Russian: Анато́лий Ти́хонович Ма́рченко, 23 January 1938 – 8 December 1986) was a Soviet dissident, author, and human rights campaigner, who became one of the first two recipients (along with Nelson Mandela) of the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought of the European Parliament when it was awarded to him posthumously in 1988.
Marchenko, originally an apolitical oil driller from a poor background, turned to writing and politics as a result of several episodes of incarceration starting in 1958, during which he began to associate with other dissidents.[1][2][3] Marchenko gained international fame in 1969 through his book, My Testimony, an autobiographical account written after his arrival in Moscow in 1966 about his then-recent sentences in Soviet labour camps and prisons.[4] After limited circulation inside the Soviet Union as samizdat, the book caused a sensation in the West after it revealed that the Soviet gulag system had continued after the death of Joseph Stalin.[5]
In 1968, in the run-up to the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, Marchenko wrote an open letter predicting the invasion. Arrested again, he was released in the early 1970s, but in 1974 he was interrogated and internally exiled to Irkutsk Oblast. In 1976, Marchenko became one of the founding members of the Moscow Helsinki Group, before being again arrested and imprisoned in 1981, where he kept writing throughout his prison time, publicizing the fate of Soviet political prisoners.[2] Having spent about 20 years in all in prison and internal exile, Nathan Shcharansky said of him: "After the release of Yuri Feodorovich Orlov, he was definitely the number one Soviet prisoner of conscience."[6] becoming one of the Soviet Union's "perpetual prisoner[s]".[2][7]
Marchenko died at age 48 in Chistopol prison hospital, as a result of a three-month-long hunger strike with the goal of which was the release of all Soviet prisoners of conscience.[8] The widespread international outcry over his death was a major factor in finally pushing then-Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to authorize the large-scale amnesty of political prisoners in 1987.
^Marchenko, Anatoly (1980). Rubinstein, Joshua (ed.). From Tarusa to Siberia. Royal Oak, Michigan: Strathcona. ISBN 9780931554162., pg.
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Anatoly Tikhonovich Marchenko (Russian: Анато́лий Ти́хонович Ма́рченко, 23 January 1938 – 8 December 1986) was a Soviet dissident, author, and human rights...
Anatoly Ignatovich Pristavkin (Russian: Анато́лий Игна́тьевич Приста́вкин, 17 October 1931 — 11 July 2008) was a Russian writer and public figure. His...
prize was awarded jointly to South African Nelson Mandela and Russian AnatolyMarchenko. The 1990 award was given to Aung San Suu Kyi, but she could not receive...
Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair Town square test New antisemitism Born Anatoly Borisovich Shcharansky (Russian: Анатолий Борисович Щаранский; Ukrainian:...
defended Yuri Galanskov (who would die in a Soviet labour camp), AnatolyMarchenko (who would also die in camp), Larisa Bogoraz and Pavel Litvinov, and...
(Article 70 in the Russian SFR). Due to factors such as the death of AnatolyMarchenko in prison, a dissident and founding member of the Moscow Helsinki...
Bogoraz later married AnatolyMarchenko, another prominent dissident. Together, they co-wrote a number of appeals. Marchenko was arrested in 1980, and...
Antonina W. Bouis transl. New York: Random House. ISBN 9780394527840. Anatoly Livry, « Soljénitsyne et la République régicide », Les Lettres et Les Arts...
Yuri (2013) [1978]. "В защиту Анатолия Марченко" [In defense of AnatolyMarchenko]. Kontinent (in Russian). 152. Alekseeva, Liudmila (1980). The diversity...
March 2022, Marchenko appointed Anatoly Vorokhaev as his deputy. The same day, Marchenko met with Bernard-Henri Lévy in Odesa. Marchenko was dismissed...
Eagle," radio personality and human and civil rights activist, 2021 AnatolyMarchenko Holger Meins Akbar Mohammadi Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean politician...
bandleader, musician and television producer (b. 1917) December 8 – AnatolyMarchenko, Soviet dissident and author (b. 1938) December 10 – Susan Cabot,...
of Eduard Limonov. He was carried away by the anti-scientific theory of Anatoly Fomenko, and wrote a preface to his book. The New Chronology was consonant...
was intrigued by the oratory skills displayed during the debates between Anatoly Lunacharsky and Metropolitan Alexander Vvedensky. At that time Shalamov...
Mikhail Gorbachev, through the chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Anatoly Lukyanov, instructed Gamsakhurdia to ban the creation of the Guard. The...
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