Global InformationAnaphe venata information
| Anaphe venata | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia
|
| Phylum: | Arthropoda
|
| Class: | Insecta
|
| Order: | Lepidoptera
|
| Family: | Notodontidae
|
| Genus: | Anaphe
|
| Species: | A. venata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Anaphe venata Butler, 1878
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Anaphe venata is a moth of the family Notodontidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1878. It lives in Angola, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Tanzania and Togo.[1]
The larvae have been recorded feeding on Triplochiton scleroxylon, Cola verticillata and Cola ballayi.
Eating A. venata larvae (entomophagy) has led to thiamine deficiency (vitamin B1) in people who have used it as a protein source. This is because A. venata larvae have high amounts of thiaminases which break down B1. This type of B1 deficiency has been called "African (Nigerian) Seasonal Ataxia" (ASA), as A. venata larvae are available as food source for about four months within certain parts of Africa.[2][3] Connection between entomophagy and B1 deficiency was first discovered in 1992 in Western Nigeria by Bola Adamolekun.[4][3] Outbreaks, which have later on been thought to be due to B1 deficiency,[3] have been described as early as 1958[5] along with other cases from e.g. 1972.[6][7]
- ^ De Prins, J.; De Prins, W. (2017). "Anaphe venata Butler, 1878". Afromoths. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- ^ Neki, Nirankar Singh (2015). "Wernicke's Encephalopathy". Journal of Pioneering Medical Sciences. 5 (3): 107–112. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
Recently, two other conditions that seem to be directly related to Th deficiency have been described: African (Nigerian) seasonal ataxia and gastrointestinal beriberi.
- ^ a b c McCandless, David W. (2010). Thiamine deficiency and associated clinical disorders. Humana Press. pp. 104–106. doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-311-4. ISBN 9781607613107. S2CID 79313711.
- ^ Adamolekun, B (1992). "A seasonal ataxic syndrome in southwestern Nigeria: an etiological hypothesis of acute thiamine deficiency". Ethn Dis. 2 (2): 185–6. PMID 1467756.
- ^ Wright, J; Morley, DC (1958-04-26). "Encephalitis tremes". The Lancet. 271 (7026): 871–873. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(58)91626-X. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 13526299.
- ^ Coakham, H (1972-04-01). "Rapid irregular movements of eyes and limbs". British Medical Journal. 2 (5804): 45–46. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5804.45-b. ISSN 0007-1447. PMC 1789020. PMID 5015975.
- ^ Osuntokun, B O (1972-06-03). "Epidemic ataxia in Western Nigeria". British Medical Journal. 2 (5813): 589. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5813.589-a. ISSN 0007-1447. PMC 1788113. PMID 5032789.