Yemeni Politician (1942–2017)
President of North Yemen, then Yemen (1978–2012)
Field Marshal
Ali Abdullah Saleh
علي عبدالله صالح
Saleh in 1988
President of Yemen
In office 22 May 1990 – 27 February 2012
Prime Minister
Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas
Muhammad Said al-Attar
Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani
Faraj Said Bin Ghanem
Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani
Abdul Qadir Bajamal
Ali Muhammad Mujawar
Mohammed Basindawa
Vice President
Ali Salem al Beidh
Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
Preceded by
Office established;
Himself as President of North Yemen
Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas as President of South Yemen
Succeeded by
Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi
President of North Yemen
In office 18 July 1978 – 22 May 1990
Prime Minister
Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani
Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani
Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani
Vice President
Abdul Karim Abdullah al-Arashi
Preceded by
Abdul Karim Abdullah al-Arashi
Succeeded by
Himself as President of Yemen
Chairman of the General People's Congress
In office 24 August 1982[1] – 4 December 2017 Disputed with Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi starting 21 October 2015[2][3]
Preceded by
Party established
Succeeded by
Sadeq Amin Abu Rass
Personal details
Born
Ali Abdullah Saleh
(1942-03-21)21 March 1942 Beit al-Ahmar, Sanhan District, North Yemen
Died
4 December 2017(2017-12-04) (aged 75) outskirts of Sanaa, Yemen
Manner of death
Assassination by firearm
Political party
General People's Congress
Spouse
Asma
(m. 1964)
Children
7, including Ahmed
Military service
Allegiance
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1958–1962) Yemen Arab Republic (1962–1990) Yemen (1990–2017)
Years of service
1958–2017
Rank
Field marshal
Battles/wars
North Yemen Civil War
NDF Rebellion
Yemenite War of 1979
Yemeni Civil War (1994)
Hanish Islands conflict
Houthi insurgency
Battle of Sa'dah
Yemeni Revolution
Battle of Sana'a (2011)
Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)
Battle of Sana'a (2014)
Lahij insurgency
Battle of Aden (2015)
Battle of Aden Airport
Battle of Taiz (2015–present)
Battle of Sanaa (2017) †
This article is part of a series about Ali Abdullah Saleh
Unitary Government
Presidency
Cabinets (Attas 1990, Abdulghani 1994, Bin Ghanem 1997, Iryani 1998, Bajamal I, Bajamal II, Mujawar 2007)
General People's Congress (GPC)
Yemeni unification
Yemeni Civil War (1994)
Hanish Islands conflict
Yemeni crisis (2011–present)
Yemeni Revolution
Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war
Presidential campaigns
1999
2006
Constitutional referendums
1991
2001
Related
Ahmed Saleh
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Ali Abdullah Saleh al-Ahmar (Arabic: علي عبدالله صالح الأحمرⓘ, ʿAlī ʿAbdullāh Ṣāliḥ al-Aḥmar; 21 March 1942[4][5][note 1] – 4 December 2017) was a Yemeni politician who served as the first President of the Republic of Yemen, from Yemeni unification on 22 May 1990, to his resignation on 27 February 2012, following the Yemeni Revolution.[6] Previously, he had served as President of the Yemen Arab Republic, or North Yemen, from July 1978, to 22 May 1990, after the assassination of President Ahmad al-Ghashmi.[7]
Saleh developed deeper ties with Western powers, especially the United States, during the War on Terror. Islamic terrorism may have been used and encouraged by Ali Abdullah Saleh in order to win Western support and for disruptive politically motivated attacks.[8][9] In 2011, in the wake of the Arab Spring, which spread across North Africa and the Middle East (including Yemen), Saleh's time in office became increasingly precarious, until he was eventually ousted as President in 2012. He was succeeded by Abdrabbuh Mansur al-Hadi, who had been serving as vice president since 1994, and acting president since 2011.[10]
In May 2015, Saleh openly allied with the Houthis (Ansar Allah) during the Yemeni Civil War,[11] in which a protest movement and subsequent insurgency succeeded in capturing Yemen's capital, Sanaa, causing President Abdrabbuh Mansur al-Hadi to resign and flee the country. In December 2017, he declared his withdrawal from his coalition with the Houthis and instead sided with his former enemies – Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and President al-Hadi.[12]
On 4 December 2017, during a battle between Houthi and Saleh supporters in Sanaa, the Houthis accused Saleh of treason, and he was killed by a Houthi sniper.[13] Reports were that Saleh was killed while trying to flee his compound in a car; however, this was denied by his party officials, who said he was executed at his house.[14][15][16]
^Al Yemeni, Ahmed A. Hezam (2003). The Dynamic of Democratisation – Political Parties in Yemen(PDF). Toennes Satz + Druck GmbH. ISBN 3-89892-159-X. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
^Asharq al-Awsat; Muhammad Ali Mohsen (22 October 2015). "The People's Congress meets with Hadi in Riyadh and nominates him as president after Saleh is dismissed". Asharq Al-Awsat (in Arabic). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Aden, Yemen. Archived from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
^Tawfeek al-Ganad (20 September 2022). "Weak and Divided, the General People's Congress Turns 40". Sana'a Center For Strategic Studies. Sanaa. Archived from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
^"Hadha Ma Euthir Ealayh Mae Eali Eabd Allah Salih" هذا ما عثر عليه مع علي عبد الله صالح [This is what was found with Ali Abdullah Saleh]. Alhurra (in Arabic). 4 December 2017. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
^"Security Council 2140 Sanctions Committee Amends Three Entries on Its List, Updates Narrative Summary". www.un.org. United Nations. Archived from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
^Riedel, Bruce (18 December 2017). "Who are the Houthis, and why are we at war with them?". Brookings. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
^"AFP: Yemen's Saleh formally steps down after 33 years". Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
^Spencer, Richard (11 June 2011). "Yemen defector says terror crisis was manufactured to win western support". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
^"Informant claims former Yemen leader's regime worked with Al-Qaeda". america.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 26 February 2019. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
^"Yemen" (PDF). Oficina de Información Diplomática del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación.
^"Yemen's Saleh declares alliance with Houthis". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
^"Yemen: Ex-President Ali Abdullah Saleh killed". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
^Ahmed, Zayd (5 December 2017). "Deposed strongman Ali Abdullah Saleh killed after switching sides in Yemen's war". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 4 December 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
^Browning, Noah (8 December 2017). "The last hours of Yemen's Saleh". Reuters. Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
^"Analysis: Yemen's ex-president Saleh's killing was 'revenge'". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 4 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
^Hakim Almasmari, Tamara Qiblawi and Hilary Clarke. "Yemen's former President Saleh killed in Sanaa". CNN. Archived from the original on 4 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
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