The Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act warning on a beer canThe warning on a wine bottle
The Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act (ABLA) of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 100–690, 102 Stat. 4181, enacted November 18, 1988, H.R. 5210, is a United States federal law requiring that (among other provisions) the labels of alcoholic beverages carry a warning label.
The warning reads:
GOVERNMENT WARNING:
(1) According to the Surgeon General, women should not drink alcoholic beverages during pregnancy because of the risk of birth defects.
(2) Consumption of alcoholic beverages impairs your ability to drive a car or operate machinery, and may cause health problems.
The ABLA also contains a declaration of policy and purpose, which states that the United States Congress finds that
the American public should be informed about the health hazards that may result from the consumption or abuse of alcoholic beverages, and has determined that it would be beneficial to provide a clear, nonconfusing reminder of such hazards, and that there is a need for national uniformity in such reminders in order to avoid the promulgation of incorrect or misleading information and to minimize burdens on interstate commerce.
Research evidence suggests that the current American fetal warnings aren't very effective. Many people don't notice them.[1]
The labels have been criticized for being so poorly-designed as to be almost useless. They are small, black-and-white, and entirely text-based, unlike tobacco packaging warning messages, which now mostly use images. Although drinking alcohol is harmful to health under all circumstances,[1] the labels warn only about not drinking under specific circumstances, with messages about impaired driving and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.[2][3] All of these traits have been shown to make labels less effective, in lab and virtual studies.[1] Tim Stockwell, one of the researchers designing the Northern Territories Alcohol Labels Study, described evidence on the effectiveness of the labels mandated by the Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act as "pretty moot because the labels are so bad."[3]
^ abcGiesbrecht, N; Reisdorfer, E; Rios, I (16 September 2022). "Alcohol Health Warning Labels: A Rapid Review with Action Recommendations". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (18): 11676. doi:10.3390/ijerph191811676. PMC 9517222. PMID 36141951.
^Special Issue of Alcohol and Alcoholism: Hassan, L; Shiu, E (1 January 2018). "Communicating Messages About Drinking". Alcohol and Alcoholism. 53 (1): 1–2. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx112. PMID 29281048.
^ abWilt, James (January 16, 2018). "It Was Only When I Quit Drinking That I Realized How Bad It Was For Me". www.vice.comCE Canada. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
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