Map of Europe with individual countries grouped by preferred type of alcoholic drink, based on recorded alcohol per capita (age 15+) consumption (in litres of pure alcohol) in 2016[1]
Wine
Beer
Spirits
Map of Europe with individual countries grouped into three regions by dominant patterns of alcohol consumption and traditionally preferred types of alcoholic drink
Beer-drinking countries[2][3]/Central European pattern[4][5])
Spirit-drinking countries[2][3]/Eastern/Northern European pattern[4][5])
Both Denmark[2][3][5] and Slovakia[3][5][4] are categorized either as beer-drinking countries or as spirit-drinking countries.
Alcohol preferences in Europe vary from country to country between beer, wine or spirits.[6] These preferences are traditionally associated with certain regions. Hence, the Central European pattern of alcohol consumption is associated with beer-drinking, the Mediterranean pattern with wine-drinking and the Eastern or Northern European pattern with spirit-drinking countries.[2][3][4][5] However, traditional preferences do not necessarily correspond to current drinking habits, as beer has become the most popular alcoholic drink world-wide.
^Global status report on alcohol and health 2018
^ abcdeKarlsson, Thomas; Simpura, Jussi (2001). "Changes in living conditions and their links to alcohol consumption and drinking patterns in 16 European countries, 1950 to 2000" (PDF). Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 18 (1): 82–99. doi:10.1177/145507250101801S03. ISSN 1455-0725. S2CID 73002019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
^ abcdefShield, Kevin D.; Kehoe, Tara; Gmel, Gerrit; Rehm, Maximilien X.; Rehm, Jürgen (2012). "Societal burden of alcohol" (PDF). In Anderson, Peter; Møller, Lars; Galea, Gauden (eds.). Alcohol in the European Union: Consumption, harm and policy approaches. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. pp. 10–28. ISBN 978-92-890-0264-6. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
^ abcdeIontchev, Atanas (1998). "Central and Eastern Europe". In Grant, Marcus (ed.). Alcohol And Emerging Markets: Patterns, Problems, And Responses. Taylor & Francis. pp. 177–202. ISBN 978-0-87630-978-0.
^ abcdefPopova, Svetlana; Rehm, Jürgen; Patra, Jayadeep; Zatonski, Witold (6 February 2007). "Comparing alcohol consumption in Central and Eastern Europe to other European countries". Alcohol and Alcoholism. 42 (5): 465–473. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.540.8795. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl124. PMID 17287207.
^Grigg, David (2004). "Wine, Spirits and Beer: World Patterns of Consumption". Geography. 89 (2): 99–110. JSTOR 40573955.
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