Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992)
Socialist Autonomous Province
Contemporary
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2006)
Autonomous Province
1991 Kosovan independence referendum
First Republic
Kosovo War (1998–1999)
NATO bombing of Yugoslavia
Kumanovo Agreement
UN administration (UNMIK)
2004 unrest
2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
2008 unrest in Kosovo
2008 protests
Second Republic (2008–Present)
North Kosovo Crises
2011–2013
2012 Referendum
Brussels Agreement
Washington Agreement
2021
2022–2024
Ohrid Agreement
Banjska attack
See Also
Timeline of Kosovo history
Destruction of Albanian heritage
Destruction of Serbian heritage
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Kosovo is the birthplace of the Albanian nationalist movement which emerged as a response to the Eastern Crisis of 1878.[1] In the immediate aftermath of the Russo-Ottoman war, the Congress of Berlin proposed partitioning Ottoman Albanian inhabited lands in the Balkans among neighbouring countries.[1] The League of Prizren was formed by Albanians to resist those impositions.[1] For Albanians those events have made Kosovo an important place regarding the emergence of Albanian nationalism.[2] During the remainder of the late Ottoman period various disagreements between Albanian nationalists and the Ottoman Empire over socio-cultural rights culminated in two revolts within Kosovo and adjacent areas. The Balkan Wars (1912–13) ending with Ottoman defeat, Serbian and later Yugoslav sovereignty over the area generated an Albanian nationalism that has become distinct to Kosovo stressing Albanian language, culture, and identity within the context of secession from Serbia. Pan-Albanian sentiments are also present and historically have been achieved only once when part of Kosovo was united by Italian Axis forces to their protectorate of Albania during the Second World War.
Reincorporated within Yugoslavia, Albanian nationalism in Kosovo has drawn upon Kosovar folk culture and traditions which became imbued with theories of descent from ancient Illyrians and Dardanians stressing the purported precedence of Albanian settlement and rights to the area over the Serbs. Traditions of armed resistance by local Albanians to Serbian forces have existed since the interwar period resulting in various and protracted conflicts, ethnic cleansing and violence on both sides. The most recent was the Kosovo War (1999) between the guerilla fighters of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and Yugoslav army who later were evicted from Kosovo through NATO military intervention. Placed under an international United Nations framework, Kosovar Albanians declared independence (2008) which is internationally recognised by some number of countries satisfying a main tenet of Kosovar Albanian nationalism. Albanian nationalism in Kosovo stresses a secular character sidelining religion.[3]
^ abcBabuna 2004, p. 310.
^Smith & Latawski 2003, p. 5.
^Duijzings 2002, p. 61.
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