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Ajacán – variants include Xacan, Jacan, Iacan, Axaca and Axacam – was a short-lived Spanish settlement, between 1570 and 1571, near Chesapeake Bay, in what would later become Virginia.
The settlement was intended to be the capital of a larger Spanish colony, named the Province of Axacan, straddling the future Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. In his 1842 Historia de la Compañía de Jesús en Nueva España, Alegre said Father Juan Bautista de Segura and his companions called the province Axacan.[1][2]
Some early 20th-century historians promoted the idea that the early Spanish explorers who made voyages into the Chesapeake Bay between 1565 and 1570 sailed up the Potomac River as far as Occoquan, Virginia, based on the similarity between "Axacan" of the Spanish missionary chronicles and the name of the Indian town and creek on the Potomac. The chronicles describe the failed Axacan mission in 1570, which included abandonment by their guide, and massacre of the party.[3]
Detail from the Gutiérrez map of Spanish North America, 1562.
^W. Lowery, 1905
^La Florida: Spanish Exploration and Settlement in North America, 1500 To 1600 by Aleck Loker
^Paul Wilstach, Potomac Landings, New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1921, p. 13
Ajacán – variants include Xacan, Jacan, Iacan, Axaca and Axacam – was a short-lived Spanish settlement, between 1570 and 1571, near Chesapeake Bay, in...
fabled Northwest Passage. They gave the land now known as Virginia the name Ajacán. After several failed attempts at colonization of the portion of the New...
of the Chesapeake. In 1570, Spanish Jesuits established the short-lived Ajacan Mission on one of the Chesapeake tributaries in present-day Virginia.[citation...
Mendicant monasteries in Mexico Spanish missions in Trinidad United States Ajacán Mission Spanish missions in Arizona Spanish missions in California Spanish...
Hampton Roads region of Virginia, where Jesuit priests established their Ajacán Mission in September 1570. Shortly thereafter, Don Luis is believed to have...
next two centuries. 1570: Failed Spanish settlement on Chesapeake Bay (Ajacán Mission). 1576: Spanish found León de los Aldama. 1576: Martin Frobisher...
West Florida (1559–61), Fort San Juan in North Carolina (1567–68), and the Ajacán Mission in Virginia (1570–71). The French failed at Parris Island, South...
encounter the Powhatan were the Spanish. They gave this region the name Ajacán, and they may have sailed up the Potomac River; however, Spanish colonization...
early as 1559–60, the Spanish had explored Virginia, which they called Ajacán, from the Chesapeake Bay while they sought a water passage to the west....
who had built a failed settlement on the Virginia Peninsula known as the Ajacán Mission. After exploring the James River, they established the first successful...
Orient. [citation needed] They named the land now known as Virginia, as Ajacán. The Spanish succeeded in founding a colonial settlement in the New World...
colonists could just as easily have been obtained from other sources, such as Ajacán. Sea traffic through Roanoke Island fell into decline in the 17th century...
found evidence these Proto-historics were either Cistercians of Spanish Ajacan Occuquan outpost on the Potomac River or Jesuits and their Kahnawake Praying...
indigenous authorship of the narratives of the Spanish Jesuit mission of Ajacan (1570-1572)." EHumanista, vol. 19, 2011, p. 511+. Gale Academic Onefile...
missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1573 – German pirate Klein Henszlein and 33 of his crew are beheaded...
(Santa Elena, 1566–1587), North Carolina (Joara, 1567–1568) and Virginia (Ajacán Mission, 1570–1571); and by the French in South Carolina (Charlesfort, 1562–1563)...
the fabled Northwest Passage. In 1570, Spanish Jesuits established the Ajacán Mission on the lower peninsula. However, in 1571 it was destroyed by Don...
April 27–28, 1567 Spanish Jesuit priests establish Mission Santa Maria on Ajacán (the Virginia Peninsula) on September 10, 1570 – 1572 Spain, Portugal, Italy...
Gomes and Diego Gutiérrez, made in 1562, in the context of the Spanish Ajacán Mission of the sixteenth century. George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, applied...
in London, England. February 4 – The Spanish Jesuit missionaries of the Ajacán Mission, established on the Virginia Peninsula of North America in 1570...
Gomes and Diego Gutiérrez, made in 1562, in the context of the Spanish Ajacán Mission of the sixteenth century. The majority of white Marylanders are...
missionaries land on the Virginia Peninsula of North America to establish the Ajacán Mission, which will be massacred in February 1571. September 25 (26th day...
San Agustin in La Florida to establish a small mission in Virginia: the Ajacán Mission. On February 19, 1571, eight missionaries were killed by the local...
Santa Elena settlement on Parris Island, South Carolina (late 1560s–1587) Ajacán Mission on an undetermined location in Virginia (1570–1571) Jesuit mission...
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