In Turkey, air pollution is the most lethal of the nation's environmental issues, with almost everyone across the country exposed to more than World Health Organization guidelines.[1]: 7 Over 30,000 people die each year from air pollution-related illnesses;[2] over 8% of the country's deaths. Air pollution is particularly damaging to children's health.[3] Researchers estimate that reducing air pollution to World Health Organization limits would save seven times the number of lives that were lost in traffic accidents in 2017.
Road transport in Turkish cities and coal in Turkey are major polluters, but the main factor affecting air pollution levels is vehicle density.[4] The number of vehicles traversing Turkey's roads has increased from 4 million in 1990 to 25 million in 2020.[4] Additionally, ambient air quality and national emissions ceilings do not meet EU standards, and unlike other European countries, many air pollution indicators are not available in Turkey. There is no limit on very small airborne particles (PM2.5), which cause lung diseases and, as of 2021[update] they have not been completely inventoried and are not officially reported.[5]: 11
Cars and lorries emit diesel exhaust, particulates, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other fumes in cities, but the first of several Turkish national electric cars is planned to start production in 2022. Low-quality lignite coal, burnt in cities and the oldest of the country's coal-fired power stations, is also a big part of the problem.[6]
In early 2020 air pollution in major cities fell significantly due to COVID-19 restrictions, but it started to rise again by the middle of the year. Right to Clean Air Platform Turkey and the Chamber of Environmental Engineers are among organisations campaigning for cleaner air.
^"Regional Outlook 2021" (PDF). OECD. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2021-10-28.
^"Air and climate - Air pollution effects - OECD Data". theOECD. Retrieved 2022-07-30.
^Harvey, Fiona (2023-04-23). "Europe 'failing its children' on air pollution, EEA says". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
^ abBirpınar, Mehmet Emin (2020-10-27). "New green space trend in city centers: Vertical gardens". Daily Sabah. Archived from the original on 2020-11-09. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
^Cite error: The named reference :3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^TMMOB (2020).
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