"Against Timarchus" (Greek: Κατὰ Τιμάρχου) was a speech by Aeschines accusing Timarchus of being unfit to involve himself in public life. The case was brought about in 346–5 BC, in response to Timarchus, along with Demosthenes, bringing a suit against Aeschines, accusing him of misconduct as an ambassador to Philip II of Macedon.[1] The speech provides evidence of a number of actions which, according to Aeschines, would cause a citizen to lose the right of addressing the Assembly. Aeschines accuses Timarchus of two of these forbidden acts: prostituting himself, and wasting his inheritance.[2] Along with the accusations of prostitution and squandering his inheritance for which Timarchus was on trial of Areopagus, the speech contains charges of "bribery, sycophancy, the buying of office, embezzlement, and perjury" and emphasizes Aeschines' disgust with Timarchus' excessive lifestyle.[3][4]
Modern scholars have criticised the lack of evidence that Aeschines put forward in Against Timarchus,[5] for instance by pointing out that he has no evidence that any of Timarchus' lovers ever paid him.[6] Indeed, Hubbard observes that he does not even manage to produce a single witness who will testify that Timarchus had any sexual relationship with the men in question at all,[7] though in his speeches Aeschines says that Timarchus' affairs were well known to the jury.[8] Because Aeschines attacks Timarchus' moral character in response to political allegations made against him, the speech is classified as an example of an ad hominem argument.[9] Passwater clarifies that sex work in general is not the basis for the ad hominem, since pederasty was a socially accepted practice of the upper class.[9] Instead, the accusation implies sex work in exchange for money, and purchased by men of a lower class than political officials, rather than sex work in exchange for mentorship and access to a political education as in pederasty.[9] Aeschines won the case, and Timarchus was punished by disenfranchisement.[10]
^Cook, Brad L. (2012). "Swift-boating in Antiquity: Rhetorical Framing of the Good Citizen in Fourth-Century Athens". Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. 30 (3): 223–224.
^Cook, Brad L. (2012). "Swift-boating in Antiquity: Rhetorical Framing of the Good Citizen in Fourth-Century Athens". Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. 30 (3): 225.
^Hunter, Virginia (1990). "Gossip and the Politics of Reputation in Classical Athens". Phoenix. 44 (4): 310. doi:10.2307/1088805. JSTOR 1088805.
^Spatharas, Dimos (November 2016). "Sex, Politics, and Disgust in Aeschines' Against Timarchus". The Ancient Emotion of Disgust. pp. 125–140.
^Cook, Brad L. (2012). "Swift-boating in Antiquity: Rhetorical Framing of the Good Citizen in Fourth-Century Athens". Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. 30 (3): 226.
^Lanni, Adriaan (2010). "The Expressive Effect of Athenian Prostitution Laws". Classical Antiquity. 29 (1): 54. doi:10.1525/CA.2010.29.1.45.
^Hubbard, T.K. (1998). "Popular Perceptions of Elite Homosexuality in Classical Athens". Arion: A Journal of Humanities and the Classics. 6 (1): 63.
^Kenneth J. Dover (1989). Greek Homosexuality. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 22. ISBN 0674362616.
^ abcPasswater, T. "Turning Tricks in Athens". Rhetoric Review. 41 (3): 155–167.
^Cook, Brad L. (2012). "Swift-boating in Antiquity: Rhetorical Framing of the Good Citizen in Fourth-Century Athens". Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric. 30 (3): 224.
"AgainstTimarchus" (Greek: Κατὰ Τιμάρχου) was a speech by Aeschines accusing Timarchus of being unfit to involve himself in public life. The case was...
internal divisions; both Rome and Timarchus distrusted the new king Demetrius I. Demetrius rode east and defeated Timarchus in 160 BC, ending his short reign...
Yet another example of hubris appears in Aeschines' AgainstTimarchus, where the defendant, Timarchus, is accused of breaking the law of hubris by submitting...
oration, AgainstTimarchus, is considered important because of the bulk of Athenian laws it cites. As a consequence of his successful attack on Timarchus, Aeschines...
(Aeschylus fragments 135, 136 Radt; Plato Symposium 179e–180b; Aeschines AgainstTimarchus 133, 141–50)), but he also did little to rule out such an interpretation...
figure. In his speech "AgainstTimarchus" in 346 BC, the Athenian politician Aeschines argues against further allowing Timarchus, an experienced middle-aged...
Timarchus and Demosthenes in 346 BC, he brought a counter suit claiming Timarchus had prostituted himself to (or been "kept" by) other men (Against Timarchus)...
courtship of freeborn youths with themselves as the active partner, as AgainstTimarchus states that ‘A slave shall not be the lover of a free boy nor follow...
brave and even sacrifice themselves for their lovers. In his oration AgainstTimarchus, Aeschines argues that though Homer "hides their love and avoids giving...
Fragments 64–66 of The Myrmidons. Plato, Symposium, 179e–180a. "AgainstTimarchus" in Aeschines. Translated by Chris Carey, Austin, University of Texas...
Dodsley, 1750 [Retrieved – 21 March 2015] Aeschines (1 January 2010). AgainstTimarchus. translation and commentary by C. Carey, Professor of Greek at University...
Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon. See the original text in Perseus Digital Library Archived 15 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Aeschines, AgainstTimarchus. See...
Studies. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-162611-1. Aeschines. AgainstTimarchus. Section 133. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved...
treason. Timarchus and Demosthenes argued that Aeschines was bribed by Philip. Aeschines counter attacked by claiming that his accuser Timarchus had forfeited...
to some extent at Athens in the early sixth century." Aeschines, AgainstTimarchus 6, 25, 26 [3]; compare also Plutarch, Solon 1.3. Kevin Robb, Literacy...
defeated the rebellious Median satrap Timarchus. Timarchus, who had distinguished himself by defending Media against the emergent Parthians, seems to have...
may lead to irresponsible citizenry. 346 BCE - Aeschines' speech AgainstTimarchus, who was on trial for male prostitution, reveals Athenian attitudes...
Timarchus or Timarch (Greek: Τίμαρχος) was a tyrant of the ancient Greek city of Miletus in the 3rd century BC. He was put in power after the Ptolemaic...
the place was known as "At the Horse and the Maiden". Aeschines, AgainstTimarchus, 182, with scholia citing Callimachus Ovid, Ibis, 459 - 460 Grimal...
with eight or nine mines. According to Aeschines (AgainstTimarchus 101), the father of Timarchus had possessions in Amphitrope which he was forced to...
rebel Seleucid general and ruler of Media, Timarchus, who has distinguished himself by defending Media against the emergent Parthians, treats Demetrius...
Antiochus IV and brother of Timarchus, who has been executed by Demetrius I Soter in 160 BC after leading a revolt against him in Media. As a result of...
his orations has come down to us. Aeschines, Speeches, "AgainstTimarchus" , 64, 158, "Against Ctesiphon", 139, 194 Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War,...
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