Optical frequency response of which includes two narrowband components
An addressed fiber Bragg structure (AFBS) is a fiber Bragg grating, the optical frequency response of which includes two narrowband components with the frequency spacing between them (which is the address frequency of the AFBS) being in the radio frequency (RF) range. The frequency spacing (the address frequency) is unique for every AFBS in the interrogation circuit and does not change when the AFBS is subjected to strain or temperature variation. An addressed fiber Bragg structure can perform triple function in fiber-optic sensor systems: a sensor, a shaper of double-frequency probing radiation, and a multiplexor. The key feature of AFBS is that it enables the definition of its central wavelength without scanning its spectral response, as opposed to conventional fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), which are probed using optoelectronic interrogators. An interrogation circuit of AFBS is significantly simplified in comparison with conventional interrogators and consists of a broadband optical source (such as a superluminescent diode), an optical filter with a predefined linear inclined frequency response, and a photodetector. The AFBS interrogation principle intrinsically allows to include several AFBSs with the same central wavelength and different address frequencies into a single measurement system.
Figure 1: A schematic of a refractive index change of a 2π-FBG-type addressed fiber Bragg structure (a), its spectral response (b). λB is the central (Bragg) wavelength, Ω is the address frequency, S1(λ) - S3(λ) denote transfer matrixes describing the uniform sections of the AFBS, Sφ(λ) denotes transfer matrix describing the phase-shift section of the AFBS.
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