Abnormal behaviour of birds in captivity information
A pet grey parrot displaying signs of extensive feather-plucking.
Abnormal behavior of birds in captivity has been found to occur among both domesticated and wild birds.[1] Abnormal behavior can be defined in several ways. Statistically, 'abnormal' is when the occurrence, frequency or intensity of a behaviour varies statistically significantly, either more or less, from the normal value.[2] This means that theoretically, almost any behaviour could become 'abnormal' in an individual. Less formally, 'abnormal' includes any activity judged to be outside the normal behaviour pattern for captive birds of that particular class or age.[3] For example, running rather than flying may be a normal behaviour and regularly observed in one species, however, in another species it might be normal but becomes 'abnormal' if it reaches a high frequency, or in another species it is rarely observed and any incidence is considered 'abnormal'. This article does not include 'one-off' behaviours performed by individual birds that might be considered abnormal for that individual, unless these are performed repeatedly by other individuals in the species and are recognised as part of the ethogram of that species.
Most abnormal behaviours can be categorised collectively (e.g., eliminative, ingestive, stereotypies), however, many abnormal behaviours fall debatably into several of these categories and categorisation is therefore not attempted in this article. Abnormal behaviours here are considered to be related to captive housing but may also be due to medical conditions. The article does not include behaviours in birds that are genetically modified to express abnormal behaviour.
^van Hoek, Caroline S.; Ten Cate, Carel (January 1998). "Abnormal Behavior in Caged Birds Kept as Pets". Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science. 1 (1): 51–64. doi:10.1207/s15327604jaws0101_5. ISSN 1088-8705. PMID 16363987.
Abnormal behavior ofbirdsincaptivity has been found to occur among both domesticated and wild birds. Abnormal behavior can be defined in several ways...
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large bird with a horizontal body and long bare legs, and is among the heaviest of the flying birds. Once common on the dry grasslands and shrubland in India...
presents 10 bottlenose dolphins, including 3 caught in the 1980s off Florida and 7 born incaptivity : Paco (M), Ruffles (F), Pacina (F), Ulisse (M), Luna...
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transmitted via fishes. Birds with abnormal development of a secondary upper mandible have been recorded in govinda and lineatus subspecies. BirdLife International...
gulls, and then eat the birds. Four others then learned to copy the behaviour. Day-to-day orca behaviour generally consists of foraging, travelling, resting...
in about 1 of every 1,800 birds. The two most common species of albino birds are the common house martin and the American robin. Famous albino birds include...
fishes and birds found in Hyderabad States". Indian Journal of Helminthology. 8: 1–83. Chozhiyattel, Zeenath (2009) Behaviour and adaptations of little cormorant...
found across the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Flocks of these birds are found in grasslands, cultivated areas, scrub and secondary growth and...
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