This article contains Unicode 6.0 "Miscellaneous Technical" characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of something like "₁₀" (Decimal Exponent Symbol U+23E8 TTF).
ALGOL 68 (short for Algorithmic Language 1968) is an imperative programming language that was conceived as a successor to the ALGOL 60 programming language, designed with the goal of a much wider scope of application and more rigorously defined syntax and semantics.
The complexity of the language's definition, which runs to several hundred pages filled with non-standard terminology, made compiler implementation difficult and it was said it had "no implementations and no users". This was only partly true; ALGOL 68 did find use in several niche markets, notably in the United Kingdom where it was popular on International Computers Limited (ICL) machines, and in teaching roles. Outside these fields, use was relatively limited.
Nevertheless, the contributions of ALGOL 68 to the field of computer science have been deep, wide-ranging and enduring, although many of these contributions were only publicly identified when they had reappeared in subsequently developed programming languages. Many languages were developed specifically as a response to the perceived complexity of the language, the most notable being Pascal, or were reimplementations for specific roles, like Ada.
Many languages of the 1970s trace their design specifically to ALGOL 68, selecting some features while abandoning others that were considered too complex or out-of-scope for given roles. Among these is the language C, which was directly influenced by ALGOL 68, especially by its strong typing and structures. Most modern languages trace at least some of their syntax to either C or Pascal, and thus directly or indirectly to ALGOL 68.
^Cite error: The named reference Wijngaarden_1976 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference a68-c1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Influence on C: types, structures, arrays, pointers and procedures – Dennis Ritchie[2]
^Cite error: The named reference a68-c2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Influence on C: union, structure, syntax and long precision – Dennis Ritchie[4]
^"A History of C++: 1979−1991" (PDF). March 1993. Page 12, 2nd paragraph: Algol68 [gave] operator overloading(§3.3.3), references (§3.3.4), and the ability to declare variables anywhere in a block (§3.3.1). Retrieved 2008-05-06.
^"Interview with Guido van Rossum". July 1998. Archived from the original on 2007-05-01. Retrieved 2007-04-29.
U+23E8 TTF). ALGOL68 (short for Algorithmic Language 1968) is an imperative programming language that was conceived as a successor to the ALGOL 60 programming...
samples are ALGOL68 versions of the above ALGOL 60 code samples. ALGOL68 implementations used ALGOL 60's approaches to stropping. In ALGOL68's case tokens...
ALGOL but the ALGOL68 committee decided on a design that was more complex and advanced rather than a cleaned simplified ALGOL 60. The official ALGOL...
ALGOL W is a programming language. It is based on a proposal for ALGOL X by Niklaus Wirth and Tony Hoare as a successor to ALGOL 60. ALGOL W is a relatively...
The Interactive ALGOL68 compiler for ALGOL68 was made available by Peter Craven of Algol Applications from 1984. Then in 1994 from OCCL (Oxford and Cambridge...
'Number is: ', number end program ALGOL 60 was criticized for having no standard file access.[citation needed] ALGOL68's input and output facilities were...
formalism invented by Adriaan van Wijngaarden for the purpose of defining the ALGOL68 programming language. The resulting specification remains its most notable...
ALGOL 68S is a programming language designed as a subset of ALGOL68, to allow compiling via a one-pass compiler. It was mostly for numerical analysis...
languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL68. It attempted to find a "short-term solution to existing difficulties". ALGOL N and ALGOL W were two other ALGOL versions...
ALGOL 68C is an imperative computer programming language, a dialect of ALGOL68, that was developed by Stephen R. Bourne and Michael Guy to program the...
the goal of being as simple as ALGOL 60 but as powerful as ALGOL68. The language was proposed by Nobuo Yoneda. ALGOL N tried to use extensibility to...
division. This rounds toward zero. The ALGOL68 programming language uses the "\" as its Decimal Exponent Symbol. ALGOL68 has the choice of 4 Decimal Exponent...
languages to introduce a for-loop. The term in English dates to ALGOL 58 and was popularized in ALGOL 60. It is the direct translation of the earlier German für...
ALGOL 58, originally named IAL, is one of the family of ALGOL computer programming languages. It was an early compromise design soon superseded by ALGOL...
tests. 1974 – Comparative Notes on Algol68 and PL/I – S. H. Valentine – November 1974 1976 – Evaluation of ALGOL68, JOVIAL J3B, Pascal, Simula 67, and...
integer, and thus be more readily accessed for purposes of comparison etc. ALGOL68 has tagged unions, and uses a case clause to distinguish and extract the...
the value being True. Multiple conditions may chained using elsif. Both ALGOL68's choice clauses (if and the case clauses) provide the coder with a choice...
newline character (for which C uses the escape sequence \n). In 1968, ALGOL68 had a more function-like API, but still used special syntax (the $ delimiters...
adopted by many later programming languages, such as Simula 67 (1967), ALGOL68 (1970), Pascal (1970), Ada (1980), Java (1995), and C# (2000), among others...
Calculi, which specified, maintains, and supports the languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL68. He became the Professor of Computing Science at the Queen's University...
which specified, maintains, and supports the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL68. He is also a founding member of IFIP WG2.3 on Programming Methodology...
which specified, maintains, and supports the programming languages ALGOL 60 and ALGOL68. In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for...
Global Information