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2013 Brazilian protests
Protesters at the National Congress of Brazil, in Brasília, June 17
Date
May - June 2013 (minor protests)[a] June – July 2013 (major protests)[b]
Location
• Over 500 Brazilian cities and at least 27 cities with Brazilian diasporas around the globe
Caused by
• Increases in bus, train and metro fare in some major cities • Police Brutality • Low quality and insufficient public transport • Multiple issues regarding infrastructure, education and health care among other public services • High cost of living • Increasing government funding of major sports events • Feeling of alienation from government decisions • Multiple scandals of corruption, embezzlement and overbilling in the government • Low investment in public services • Multiple reports of abuse of special benefits conceded to Brazilian politicians • Controversial law in discussion by National Chamber's plans limiting the powers of the Public Ministry to investigate criminal activities, among other reasons
Goals
• Improvements in public transport's quality and access to the population (subdued June 24) • Less public transport cost for the population (subdued June 24) • Increase of government effort and funds to improve other key public services including public education, national health care and transport infrastructure altogether (subdued June 24) • Less priority to fund major sports events (subdued June 24) • Revocation of controversial law in discussion by National Chamber's plans limiting the powers of the Public Ministry to investigate criminal activities in the government (subdued June 25) • "Zero tariffs" • End to police brutality • Democratization of the media
Methods
• Occupations of public and private buildings, • Autodefense of masses and Black Block, • Demonstrations, • protest marches, • online activism and alternative media, • Direct action, • Graffiti, banners and signs, • Barricades, • attacks to government power and capitalist symbols, • Destruction and firebombing of buses.
Status
Major protests subsided
Number
Over 2 million[1] 300,000 in Rio de Janeiro 100,000 in São Paulo 100,000 in Manaus 100,000 in Belo Horizonte 100,000 in Vitória 60,000 in Natal 50,000 in Recife 45,000 in Florianópolis 40,000 in Cuiabá 30,000 in Brasília 30,000 in Campo Grande 25,000 in Ribeirão Preto 20,000 in Salvador 20,000 in Porto Alegre 20,000 in Belém 20,000 in São Luís 20,000 in Maceió 15.000 in Fortaleza
Casualties
Death(s)
13+ [2]
Injuries
100[3]
Arrested
250[3]
The 2013 Brazilian protests[c][9] were public demonstrations in several Brazilian cities, initiated mainly by the Movimento Passe Livre (Free Fare Movement), a local entity that advocates for free public transportation.
The demonstrations were initially organized to protest against increases in bus, train, and metro ticket prices in some Brazilian cities,[10][11][12][13] but grew to include other issues such as the high corruption in the government and police brutality used against some demonstrators.[14][15] By mid-June, the movement had grown to become Brazil's largest since the 1992 protests against former President Fernando Collor de Mello.[16]
As with the 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey, social media has played an important role in the organization of public outcries and in keeping protesters in touch with one another.[17]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Watts, Jonathan (June 21, 2013). "Brazil protests: president to hold emergency meeting". The Guardian. London.
^"Pelo menos 13 pessoas morreram em um ano de protestos pelo país". 13 June 2014.
^ abMallén, Patricia Rey (17 June 2013). "Brazil's Protests Get More Violent, Reach Brasilia And Threaten The Confederation Soccer Cup". International Business Times. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
^Cite error: The named reference Autumn was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^The Brazilian Spring: An Explainer, ABC, June 24, 2013
^"Comissão de Cultura da Câmara ouve Fora do Eixo e Mídia Ninja". Rede Brasil Atual. Archived from the original on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
^"Racha e expulsões no Bloco de Lutas - Rosane de Oliveira". Archived from the original on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
^"UJS comemora neste domingo 29 anos de luta". Retrieved 2 October 2015.
^"Protests in Brazil". The Economist. 18 June 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
^Arias, Juan (June 12, 2013). "Brasil se levanta en protesta contra el aumento de los precios del transporte". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 June 2013.
^Arias, Juan (14 June 2013). "São Paulo vive una nueva noche de protestas con escenas de guerra". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2013.
^Arias, Juan (14 June 2013). "Brésil: manifestations contre la hausse du prix des transports". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved 14 June 2013.
^Brocchetto, Marilia (12 June 2013). "Protesters, police clash in Sao Paulo streets over fare increases". CNN. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
^Cite error: The named reference anistia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Associação de jornais condena ação da PM". Gazeta do Povo (in Portuguese). 2013-06-14. Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2013-06-20.
^Cite error: The named reference el país was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"SP: página no Facebook orienta manifestantes para protesto" (in Portuguese).
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