Global Information2012 Catalan independence demonstration information
| 2012 Catalan independence demonstration | |
|---|---|
 View of the demonstration running through Passeig de Gràcia in front of La Unión and el Fénix Building. | |
| Date | 11 September 2012 |
| Location | Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 41°23′07″N 2°10′36″E / 41.3854°N 2.1767°E |
| Caused by | Increase of Catalan independentism boosted by the Spanish Constitutional Court banning some articles of the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia in 2010 and the 2008–13 Spanish financial crisis[1][2][3] |
| Goals | Independence of Catalonia |
| Methods | Protest march, street protest |
The 2012 Catalan independence demonstration was a protest which occurred in central Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain, on 11 September 2012 during the National Day of Catalonia.[4][5][6] The protestors demanded the independence of Catalonia and its establishment as a sovereign state under the slogan "Catalonia, new state in Europe" (Catalan: "Catalunya, nou estat d'Europa").[7][8][9] It was organized by the Catalan National Assembly (ANC) and headed together with the Association of Municipalities for Independence as the most prominent of a series of events known as "March towards Independence" (Catalan: "Marxa cap a la Independència") which began on 30 June 2012 in Lleida.[10][11]
The estimated number of participants ranges widely, from 600,000 people quoted by some media,[12] statisticians such as Llorenç Badiella from the Autonomous University of Barcelona[13] or the delegation of the Spanish government in Catalonia[14][15][16] to 1.5 million according to Catalan public sources such as Barcelona's Municipal Police or Catalonia's Department of the Interior, with a maximum estimate of about 2 million according to the organizers.[12]
The city centre was crowded for hours and it was feared that the massive influx of people was going to bring mobile phone networks to a standstill.[17][18] Many newspapers and other news agencies described it as a "historic" demonstration and considered it to be the biggest protest march ever held in Catalonia since the restoration of democracy in Spain,[19][20][21][22][23][24] surpassing other major demonstrations, including the 2010 Catalan autonomy protest.[25][26]
- ^ "Huge turnout for Catalan independence rally". BBC News. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ Abend, Lisa (11 September 2012). "Secessionist Sentiments Grows Amid Economic Crisis". Time. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
{{cite magazine}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ Minder, Raphael (11 September 2012). "Protest Rally in Catalonia Adds a Worry for Spain". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ Khazan, Olga (11 September 2012). "Catalonia rallies for independence on 'Catalan National Day'". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
- ^ "Catalonia 'National Day' protest in Barcelona". Euro News. 12 September 2012. Archived from the original on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
- ^ Goodman, Al (12 September 2012). "Throngs push Catalan independence amid Spain's economic crisis". Madrid. CNN. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "La marxa comença a caminar sota el lema 'Catalunya, nou Estat d'Europa'" (in Catalan). Barcelona: Europa Press. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "'Catalunya, nou estat d'Europa' és el lema de la pancarta de la manifestació, que ha arrencat poc abans de les sis de la tarda" (in Catalan). Catalunya vol viure en llibertat. 12 September 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "El lema de la marxa per la independència: "Catalunya, nou estat d'Europa"" (in Catalan). Barcelona: BTVnotícies.cat. 5 September 2012. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "L'ANC i l'AMI encapçalaran la manifestació de la Diada" (in Catalan). REUSdirecte.cat. 9 September 2012. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ^ "Què és?". Marxa cap a la independència (in Catalan). Catalan National Assembly. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- ^ a b Delclós, Tomàs. "Cálculo de manifestantes". EDICIONES EL PAÍS S.L. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
- ^ Badiella, Llorenç (14 September 2012). "Unas 600.000 personas en la manifestación independentista" (in Spanish). Barcelona. La Vanguardia. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
- ^ Piñol, Àngels (11 September 2012). "El independentismo catalán logra una histórica exhibición de fuerza" (in Spanish). Barcelona. El País. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
- ^ "Diada.- El Govern central xifra l'assistència en 600.000 persones" (in Catalan). Barcelona. Europa Press. 11 September 2012. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- ^ "La delegació del govern espanyol a Catalunya xifra en 600.000 els assistents a la manifestació de la Diada" (in Catalan). Madrid. Agència Catalana de Notícies. 11 September 2012. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- ^ "La marcha independentista colapsa el centro de Barcelona en la celebración de la Diada" (in Spanish). Barcelona. RTVE.es. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- ^ Parés, Blanca (7 September 2012). "La Generalitat demana un ús racional dels dispositius mòbils en la manifestació de la Diada" (in Catalan). Barcelona. elPeriódico.com. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
- ^ "Catalanes realizan manifestación histórica para reclamar su independencia" (in Spanish). Semana.com. 11 September 2012. Archived from the original on 24 November 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "La prensa internacional reconoce la histórica manifestación de la Diada" (in Spanish). La Vanguardia.com. 12 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ Reino, Cristian (12 September 2012). "Una manifestación histórica exige la independencia de Cataluña" (in Spanish). Barcelona. HOY.es. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "Cataluña acoge hoy una manifestación independentista histórica" (in Spanish). Barcelona. Ine.es. 12 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "1,5 milions de persones demanen la independència de Catalunya en una manifestació rècord" (in Catalan). Barcelona. 324. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- ^ "Empieza la lucha por capitalizar la histórica manifestación de Barcelona" (in Spanish). GARA. 13 September 2012. Archived from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ Rico, Jose; Julve, Rafa (12 September 2012). "Goleada independentista, la mayor manifestación en BCN" (in Spanish). elPeriódico.com. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
- ^ "Catalan protesters rally for greater autonomy in Spain". BBC News. 10 July 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2012.