Violent unrest in the Tajik SSR of the Soviet Union
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1990 Dushanbe riots
Part of the dissolution of the Soviet Union
BMPs blocking off protesters in the city's main thoroughfare following the imposition of martial law, 14 February 1990
Local anti-Armenian sentiment and Tajik anti-communist nationalism
Resulted in
Outbreak of the Tajikistani Civil War in 1992
Parties
Tajik nationalists
Rastokhez
Tajik Islamists
Soviet Union
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
KGB
MVD
Internal Troops
OMON
Communist Party of Tajikistan
SCNS
Lead figures
Tohir Abdujabbor
Izatullo Khayoyev
Qahhor Mahkamov
Yaqub Salimov
Casualties
Death(s)
26
Injuries
565
Dushanbe
Location within Tajikistan
Show map of Tajikistan
Dushanbe
Location within the Soviet Union
Show map of the Soviet Union
The 1990 Dushanbe riots marked a period of heightened civil disobedience and inter-ethnic violence in the capital city of the Tajik SSR of the Soviet Union. Existing tensions over lacking economic and political reforms were exacerbated by the arrival of Armenian refugees from the Azerbaijan SSR due to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The mass movement of Tajik nationalists (e.g., the Rastokhez), anti-communists, and Islamists targeted ethnic minorities, such as Armenians and Russians, as well as unaffiliated Tajiks—namely women who did not conform to Islamic clothing standards. By late 1991, the dissolution of the Soviet Union gave way to the Republic of Tajikistan declaring independence, though this was followed by the Tajikistani Civil War less than a year later.
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