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The Hartal 1953 (Sinhala: 1953 වර්ජනය, romanized: Varjanaya) was a country-wide demonstration of civil disobedience and strike, commonly known as a hartal, held in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) on 12 August 1953. It was organized to protest against the policies and actions of the incumbent United National Party government. It was the first mass political action in Ceylon and the first major social crisis after independence.[2] This event is of historical significance because it was the first people's struggle against an elected government in the country.
Led by the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) and other leftist parties who called on the public to resist the government and demonstrate civil disobedience and strikes, the hartal was primarily a protest of the labouring class, and as such there were no exclusions based upon caste, ethnicity or religion.[3] The protests saw much sabotage and destruction to public infrastructure, as a means of frightening and halting the government. This occurred mainly in the Western, Southern and Sabaragamuwa Provinces as well as other minor protests around the rest of the island.[4] The demonstrations lasted only a day with at least 10 people killed, resulting in the resignation of the Prime Minister Dudley Senanayake.
^"Ceylon/Sri Lanka (1948-Present)". University of Central Arkansas Department of Political Science. University of Central Arkansas. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
^Goonewardene, Leslie (1960). A short history of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. Colombo: Gunaratne & Co. pp. 42–48. OCLC 12717638.
^Kaviratne, W. T. J. S. "'Hartal' effective political tool if handled by efficient leaders – Prof. Carlo Fonseka". Daily News. Archived from the original on 2007-02-17. Retrieved 12 January 2013.
^Halliday, Fred. "The 1971 Ceylonese Insurrection". Retrieved 12 January 2013.
and 23 Related for: 1953 Ceylonese Hartal information
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