13 May incident information

13 May Incident
*Peristiwa 13 Mei*
ڤريستيوا 13 مي
五一三事件
13 மே சம்பவம்
13 May Incident; Peristiwa 13 Mei; ڤريستيوا 13 مي; 五一三事件; 13 மே சம்பவம்
	Aftermath of the riots
Date	13 May 1969; 54 years ago
Location	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Caused by	Results of the 1969 Malaysian general election, when the ruling Alliance Party lost seats to the Chinese majority Democratic Action Party and Parti Gerakan.
Methods	Widespread rioting, looting, assault, arson, protests, property damage, firefights, murder
Resulted in	Declaration of a state of emergency by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. Suspension of Parliament.; Temporary establishment of National Operations Council.; Resignation of Tunku Abdul Rahman as Prime Minister.; Implementation of Rukun Negara.; Implementation of New Economic Policy.; Increased racial tensions between the ethnic groups of the country.; Eventual formation of Barisan Nasional.;
Parties
Lead figures
	Tunku Abdul Rahman Mohamed Salleh Ismael ; Tunku Osman
Casualties and losses

The 13 May incident was an episode of Sino-Malay sectarian violence that took place in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, on 13 May 1969. The riot occurred in the aftermath of the 1969 Malaysian general election when opposition parties such as the Democratic Action Party and Gerakan made gains at the expense of the ruling coalition, the Alliance Party.

Official reports by the government placed the number of deaths due to the riots at 196, although international diplomatic sources and observers at the time suggested a toll of close to 600 while others suggested much higher figures, with most of the victims being ethnic Chinese.^[1]^[2] The racial riots led to a declaration of a state of national emergency by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King), resulting in the suspension of Parliament. A National Operations Council (NOC) was established as a caretaker government to temporarily govern the country between 1969 and 1971.

This event was significant in Malaysian politics as it forced the first Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman to step down from office and hand over the reins to Tun Abdul Razak. Abdul Razak's government shifted their domestic policies to favour Malays with the implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP), and the Malay party UMNO restructured the political system to advance Malay dominance in accordance with the ideology of Ketuanan Melayu (lit. "Malay Supremacy").^[3]

^ Cite error: The named reference time1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "New book on 1969 race riots in Malaysia may be banned, officials warn". International Herald Tribune. 16 May 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
^ Cite error: The named reference saa2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[time1-1] Cite error: The named reference time1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] "New book on 1969 race riots in Malaysia may be banned, officials warn". International Herald Tribune. 16 May 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 22 November 2022.

[saa2002-3] Cite error: The named reference saa2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

13 May incident information

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