The Mark I projector installed in the Deutsches Museum in 1923 was the world's first planetarium projector.The Mark III modified projector installed in the Planetario Humboldt 1950 in Caracas - Venezuela.It is the oldest in Latin America.Marks II through VI utilized two small spheres of lenses separated along a central axis.Beginning with Mark VII, Zeiss projectors adopted a new, egg-shaped design.The Mark IX Universarium is currently the most advanced model. This example was installed in 2006 at The Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles.Closeup of a lens bearing sphere of the Zeiss Mark IV planetarium projector on display at the Nehru Planetarium in Mumbai, India.
A Zeiss projector is one of a line of planetarium projectors manufactured by the Carl Zeiss Company.
Main models include Copernican (1924), Model I (1925), Model II (1926), Model III (1957), Model IV (1957), Model V (1965), Model VI (1968), Spacemaster (1970), Cosmorana (1984), Skymaster ZKP2 (1977), and Skymaster ZKP3 (1993).[1]
The first modern planetarium projectors were designed and built in 1924 by the Zeiss Works of Jena, Germany in 1924.[2] Zeiss projectors are designed to sit in the middle of a dark, dome-covered room and project an accurate image of the stars and other astronomical objects on the dome. They are generally large, complicated, and imposing machines.
The first Zeiss Mark I projector (the first planetarium projector in the world) was installed in the Deutsches Museum in Munich in August, 1923.[3] It possessed a distinctive appearance, with a single sphere of projection lenses supported above a large, angled "planet cage". Marks II through VI were similar in appearance, using two spheres of star projectors separated along a central axis that contained projectors for the planets. Beginning with Mark VII, the central axis was eliminated and the two spheres were merged into a single, egg-shaped projection unit.
^"Planetarium history". ZEISS Group. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
^Christopher Dewdney. Acquainted with the Night: Excursions Through the World After Dark. Bloomsbury Publishing USA; 2005 [cited 14 October 2011]. ISBN 978-1-58234-599-4. p. 278–279.
^Mark R. Chartrand. "A Fifty Year Anniversary of a Two Thousand Year Dream – The History of the Planetarium". Retrieved 5 September 2012.
A Zeissprojector is one of a line of planetarium projectors manufactured by the Carl Zeiss Company. Main models include Copernican (1924), Model I (1925)...
Carl Zeiss AG (/zaɪs/ ZYSE, German: [kaʁl ˈtsaɪs]), branded as ZEISS, is a German manufacturer of optical systems and optoelectronics, founded in Jena...
at Zeiss. The result was a planetarium design which would generate all the necessary movements of the stars and planets inside the optical projector, and...
the dome in a planetarium. Modern planetarium projectors were first designed and built by the Carl Zeiss Jena company in Germany between 1923 and 1925...
company Zeiss formula, a formula for depth of field calculations. Zeissprojector, a line of planetarium projectors manufactured by one of the Zeiss companies...
significant contribution to the success of the companies Zeiss and Schott Optical Museum Jena Zeissprojector Planetarium List of planetariums Krech, Eva-Maria;...
2006 the 1964-vintage Zeiss Mark IV star projector was replaced with a Zeiss Mark IX Universarium. The former planetarium projector is part of the underground...
planetarium projector from Carl Zeiss AG. There is also a café and a movie theatre with 160 seats. The dome hall has not only a planetarium projector but also...
For its first five decades of operation an optomechanical star projector, a Zeissprojector Mark IV, offered the audience a show based on a view of the night...
A slide projector is an optical device for projecting enlarged images of photographic slides onto a screen. Many projectors have mechanical arrangements...
outfitted with a Zeissprojector, the first produced by the Carl Zeiss Company in their Jena plant after the end of World War 2. The projector supplied was...
seats. The planetarium uses a Mark IV Zeissprojector, which was the first installation of a large planetarium projector in Southeast Asia. Apart from the...
planetarium shows are a combined effort of the Zeissprojector, slide projectors and video projectors working together to form a multimedia experience...
was circulated to mostly North American planetariums 1973 to 1983. Zeissprojector Chartrand, Mark. "A Fifty Year Anniversary of a Two Thousand Year Dream"...
Planetarium refurbishes the building and replaces the original Zeissprojector with a new Mark VI Zeiss unit. 1973 – A new underground expansion opens to the public...
reflective aluminium. The planetarium (Zeissprojector Model M V) itself is located in the centre, it has over 100 projectors and is approximately 5 metres (16 ft)...
Camera Lenses from Carl Zeiss - 1935 - Alexander Smakula develops anti-reflection coating". zeiss.com. "Lens Coating - ZEISS United States". www.zeiss.com....
in diameter, fitted with four projectors, and lightning facilities. The planetarium uses a German-made Zeissprojector which can show 5000 stars, a moon...
the Planetarium in 1956. In 1960, a Zeiss Mark IV projector was installed, followed by a Zeiss Mark VI projector and new seats in 1993. In January 1997...
cameras typically used Carl Zeiss or Schneider Kreuznach lenses, as well as lenses manufactured by Rollei based on designs by Zeiss, and occasionally lenses...
octagonal copper dome that housed the projector. Equipment in the Buhl Planetarium included a Zeiss II Planetarium projector with 106 lenses capable of producing...
Zeiss Meditec, AG, p. 33, accessed: February 6, 2011. "Eye Examination with the Slit Lamp", Zeiss, p. 33 "Eye Examination with the Slit Lamp", Zeiss,...
January 1995; it was the last show to use the planetarium's original Zeiss optical projector. In 2012 he received the Astronomical Society of the Pacific's...
intermediates; however, in the years since digital cinema cameras and projectors have become commonplace, anamorphic has experienced a considerable resurgence...
diameter dome above a 570-seat auditorium. The universal projector is a product of Carl Zeiss AG East Germany. "Sri Lanka Planetarium to re-open on 7th...
480,000 euros, the Zeiss opto-mechanical projector was replaced by a digital system. The City of Nantes donated its old Zeissprojector to the National University...
Drebach, in Saxony, Germany. The planetarium uses a ZKP-3 Skymaster Zeissprojector. The observatory is equipped with a 50-centimetre Cassegrain reflector...
a Zeiss Universarium Mark II projector, already acquired by the City of Hamburg in 1925, became the planetarium's centerpiece. Subsequent Zeiss projectors...
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