Surfaces on which the invariants , , are constant. Plotted in principal stress space.
A yield surface is a five-dimensional surface in the six-dimensional space of stresses. The yield surface is usually convex and the state of stress of inside the yield surface is elastic. When the stress state lies on the surface the material is said to have reached its yield point and the material is said to have become plastic. Further deformation of the material causes the stress state to remain on the yield surface, even though the shape and size of the surface may change as the plastic deformation evolves. This is because stress states that lie outside the yield surface are non-permissible in rate-independent plasticity, though not in some models of viscoplasticity.[1]
The yield surface is usually expressed in terms of (and visualized in) a three-dimensional principal stress space (), a two- or three-dimensional space spanned by stress invariants () or a version of the three-dimensional Haigh–Westergaard stress space. Thus we may write the equation of the yield surface (that is, the yield function) in the forms:
where are the principal stresses.
where is the first principal invariant of the Cauchy stress and are the second and third principal invariants of the deviatoric part of the Cauchy stress.
where are scaled versions of and and is a function of .
where are scaled versions of and , and is the stress angle[2] or Lode angle[3]
^Simo, J. C. and Hughes, T,. J. R., (1998), Computational Inelasticity, Springer.
^Yu, M.-H. (2004), Unified strength theory and its applications. Springer, Berlin
^Zienkiewicz O.C., Pande, G.N. (1977), Some useful forms of isotropic yield surfaces for soil and
rock mechanics. In: Gudehus, G. (ed.) Finite Elements in Geomechanics. Wiley, New York, pp. 179–198
A yieldsurface is a five-dimensional surface in the six-dimensional space of stresses. The yieldsurface is usually convex and the state of stress of...
deviatoric stress. This equation defines the yieldsurface as a circular cylinder (See Figure) whose yield curve, or intersection with the deviatoric plane...
anisotropic yield criteria are: Hill's quadratic yield criterion Generalized Hill yield criterion Hosford yield criterion The yieldsurface of a ductile...
elasto-plastic, deforms as a continuum, and it is not affected by creep. The yieldsurface of the Cam clay model is described by the equation f ( p , q , p c )...
The explosive yield of a nuclear weapon is the amount of energy released such as blast, thermal, and nuclear radiation, when that particular nuclear weapon...
per unit area of land Yield (wine), the amount of grapes or wine that is produced per unit surface of vineyard Ecological yield, the harvestable population...
_{0}} . Beyond the elastic limit the stress state always remains on the yieldsurface, i.e., σ = σ y {\displaystyle \sigma =\sigma _{y}} . Loading is defined...
The Hill yield criterion developed by Rodney Hill, is one of several yield criteria for describing anisotropic plastic deformations. The earliest version...
Stop and yield lines are transverse road surface markings that inform drivers where they should stop or yield when approaching an intersection. In some...
accurate depiction of the yieldsurface. If a non-isomorphic pair is used for the meridional profile then the normal to the yieldsurface will not appear normal...
rate-independent yieldsurface upon application of a load and then allowed to relax back to the yieldsurface over time. The yieldsurface is usually assumed...
depths the crop suffers a yield decline. (where DWT = depth to water table in centimetres) A water table close to the surface affects excavation, drainage...
compared to a surface burst or air burst explosion at or above the surface, and so can destroy an underground target using a lower explosive yield. This in...
kinematic hardening, which occurs when the stress state reaches the yieldsurface, is considered as the main mechanism behind ratcheting. Several factors...
beyond the blast and thermal effects, particularly in the case of high yieldsurface detonations. The ground track of fallout from an explosion depends on...
key point in their analysis is the use of the ‘Bigoni & Piccolroaz yieldsurface’, previously developed, see Fig. 3. The mechanical model developed by...
are updated through time with elasticity theory, plasticity through yieldsurfaces, and hardening laws. In this way, the stress-strain behavior of a material...
smoothbore gun) have been developed, but the difficulty of combining sufficient yield with portability could limit their military utility. In wartime, such explosives...
such as the yield function, can be represented by surfaces in 'stress space. In particular, the surface represented by von Mises yield function is a...
Global Information
