The Xubu (Chinese: 須卜; pinyin: Xūbǔ; Wade–Giles: Hsü-pu; LHC: *sio-pok[1]) was a tribe of the Xiongnu tribe that flourished between 3rd century BCE to 4th century CE. Chinese annals noted that the Xubu tribe replaced the Huyan tribe, which was an earlier maternal dynastic tribe of the dynastic union with the paternal dynastic tribe Luandi. The traditional system of conjugal unions is a form of the nomadic exogamic society. The male members of the maternal dynastic line were not eligible for the Chanyu throne, only the male members of the Luandi line, whose father was a Luanti Chanyu, and mother was a Xubu Khatun (Queen) were eligible for the supreme throne. A Xubu could only become a Chanyu after a palace coup.
The tribe Huyan moved from the Right (Western) Wing, where the maternal dynastic tribe is traditionally assigned, to the Left (Eastern) Wing. The later Hou Hanshu chapter 89, l. 7b) stated that of the noble tribes other than Luanti, Huyan, Xubu, Qiulin and Lan, Huyan already belonged to the dominating Left Wing, and Lan and Xubu belonged to the Right Wing.[2] Hou Hanshu also names the dynastic Luandi tribe with a composite name Xulianti, implying a merger of the two dynastic lines.
Xubu was a tribe that held some of the highest positions in the Eastern Xiongnu society, including the position of Khatun within the tribal confederacy, and the State Judge. A male head of the Xubu tribe held a third highest position in the state, Right Tuqi-prince (Ch. 右屠耆王 You Tuqi-wang, 右贤王 You Xian-wang , Right Wise Prince). In that position, the Right Tuqi-prince managed the daily affairs of the state, headed a considerable division of the army, was a first adviser to the Chanyu, and managed the foreign relations. Frequently, the Right Tuqi-prince was sent as a personal envoy of the Chanyu to resolve difficult international problems, the Chinese annals often mention the Right Tuqi-prince in that capacity.
The earliest annalistic record that mentioned a Xiongnu prince by name refers to the events of the 121 BCE, when Yuli Prince Hunxie (谷蠡渾邪王)[3] killed Prince Xiutu (休屠王) and led 40,000 cavalry to surrender to the Han Empire,[4][5] establishing a 200,000 Xubu population in Northern China.
^Schuessler, Axel (2007). ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. p. 544, 172
^Taskin B.S., "Materials on Sünnu history", Science, Moscow, 1968, p. 130 (In Russian)
^Book of Later Han, vol. 12 [1] (in Chinese)
^Sima Qian. Shiji Vol. 110 [2] (in Chinese)
^Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", vol. 1, p. 39
The Xubu (Chinese: 須卜; pinyin: Xūbǔ; Wade–Giles: Hsü-pu; LHC: *sio-pok) was a tribe of the Xiongnu tribe that flourished between 3rd century BCE to 4th...
other noble tribes: Huyan, Xubu, Qiulin and Lan. The Huyan belonged to the dominating left wing, and the Lan and the Xubu belonged to the right wing....
Chanyu and the Tuqi King of the east and west), Huyan, Xubu, Qiulin and Lan. Both the Huyan and Xubu settled in the east, Qiulin and Lan in the west and...
“left” in Khitan language, or might be derived from Xiongnu's ruling tribe Xubu. The Zubu began paying tribute to the Khitan Empire after a campaign in 924...
alternate leader of the Xubu line. Later they expelled Yufuluo, who fled to the Han imperial court. When the marquis of Xubu died the next year an elderly...
also "the arrow-bow stance", "the one-leg stance", "the empty stance" (虛步; xūbù), "the drop stance" (仆步; pūbù), etc. There are eight different hand poses...
seeds of great evil". The Southern Xiongnu then elected a Shanyu from the Xubu in 188 CE and Chizhishizhuhou Chanyu (188–195 CE) fled back to the Chinese...
Deng and his attendants. In 13 CE, Chanyu Zhi died. The powerful official Xubu Dang (須卜當) and his wife Yun, the Princess Yimuo (the daughter of Chanyu Huhanye...
Chanyu. In 19 AD, Wang Mang set up Xubu Chanyu as a rival to Huduershidaogao and stationed a large army on the frontier. Xubu died soon afterward and the army...
educated in Chang'an. When Wuzhuliu died in 13 AD, the Xiongnu Princess Xubu Juci Yun wished to remain on good relations with the Han, so she arranged...
included Liu Xianyun, Yu Runsheng, Wang Zhiheng, Li Hengyue, Li Baohe, Shen Xubu, Song Naihan, Yu Zuzhen, Yuan Jinxian, Zhang Naiwei, Fu Minzhong, Zhao Guanxian...
Han Dynasty to Northern Wei. Xiongnu included part of five tribes: Luandi, Xubu, Huyan, Lan and Qiulin. Luandi tribe produced rulers of Xiongnu, while other...
and in 1888 Wu Guangyao (吳光耀) published a 6-chapter Wudai Shiji Zuanwu Xubu (五代史記纂誤續補; "Further Addendum to the Compendium of Errors in the Historical...
power was tenuous, and he was ousted over a marquis of the Xubu clan. When the marquis of Xubu died the next year an elderly king became the nominal head...
the members of the Right Wing belonged to the Khatun clan Huyan or later Xubu, were traditionally not eligible for the throne, and could be raised to the...
Qiang and Rong barbarians captured the county. During the Three Kingdoms the Xubu occupied Qingcheng. In 265 it became part of the Western Jin Dynasty. Qingcheng...
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