World Hypotheses: A Study in Evidence, by Stephen C. Pepper (1942), presents four relatively adequate world hypotheses (or world views or conceptual systems) in terms of their root metaphors: formism (similarity), mechanism (machine), contextualism (historical act), and organicism (living system).
In World Hypotheses, Pepper demonstrates the error of logical positivism, that there is no such thing as data free from interpretation, and that root metaphors are necessary in epistemology. In other words, objectivity is a myth because there is no such thing as pure, objective fact. Consequently, an analysis is necessary to understand how to interpret these 'facts.' Pepper does so by developing the "[root metaphor method, ...] and outlines what he considers to be four basically adequate world hypotheses (world views or conceptual systems): formism, mechanism, contextualism, and organicism." He identifies the strengths and weaknesses of each of the world hypotheses as well as the paradoxical and sometimes mystifying effects of the effort to synthesize them.[1]
WorldHypotheses: A Study in Evidence, by Stephen C. Pepper (1942), presents four relatively adequate worldhypotheses (or world views or conceptual systems)...
the University of California at Berkeley. He may be best known for WorldHypotheses: A Study in Evidence (1942) but was also a respected authority on aesthetics...
There are several hypotheses about real-world events that could have inspired Plato's fictional story of Atlantis, told in the Timaeus and Critias. While...
systematic practices when developing hypotheses; and continued adherence long after the pseudoscientific hypotheses have been experimentally discredited...
also sources that mention the same or similar names in other parts of the World (most notably in the Asiatic Sarmatia in the Caucasus). Attempts of various...
Sarcasm Simile Synecdoche Analogy Tertium comparationis War as metaphor WorldHypotheses "In sum, there are now numerous results from comprehension-oriented...
idea that hypotheses arise from data unsullied by prior expectations," the inadequacy of qualitative research for testing cause-effect hypotheses, and the...
backwards in time onto Newtonian dynamics, we can formulate the following two hypotheses: HR: the term "mass" in Newtonian theory denotes relativistic mass. Hp:...
samples; all have null hypotheses. There are also at least four goals of null hypotheses for significance tests: Technical null hypotheses are used to verify...
adaptation ... functionalism strongly emphasises the pre-eminence of the social world over its individual parts (i.e. its constituent actors, human subjects)...
Logic of Scientific Discovery (1934) The Poverty of Historicism (1936) WorldHypotheses (1942) Two Dogmas of Empiricism (1951) Truth and Method (1960) The...
of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori...
dispositional tools we use to produce knowledge about the world are themselves produced by this world – both evinces the vital necessity of implementing reflexivity...
of the humanities. Joseph Carroll asserts that we live in a changing world, a world where "cultural capital" is replaced with scientific literacy, and in...
Balkans and in Croatia, like those of the Serbs and Vlachs, but the upcoming world wars and social events also influenced the Croatian ethnogenesis. The mention...
of his Theses on Feuerbach: "The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it." In early works, including...
Schriften zur wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung (Monographs on the Scientific World-Conception), Einheitswissenschaft (Unified Science) and the journal Erkenntnis...
interpretation of sensory experiences, giving rise to an understanding of the world. A posteriori knowledge is knowledge that is derived from experience. It...
the researched person (or object), postpositivists argue that theories, hypotheses, background knowledge and values of the researcher can influence what...
objects of scientific discovery. Hypotheses about relative frequencies in finite sequences are meaningful, but hypotheses concerning limits in infinite sequences...
evidence is understood as that which confirms or disconfirms scientific hypotheses. Measurements of Mercury's "anomalous" orbit, for example, are seen as...
(quantitative) hypothesis and testing working hypothesis (qualitative). For formal hypotheses the concepts are represented empirically (or operationalized) as numeric...
Logic of Scientific Discovery (1934) The Poverty of Historicism (1936) WorldHypotheses (1942) Two Dogmas of Empiricism (1951) Truth and Method (1960) The...
perception, which involves the usage of the senses to learn about the external world. Introspection allows people to learn about their internal mental states...
logical positivism is that, while it claimed to be a scientific theory of the world, its central tenet, the verification principle, effectively destroyed all...
problems that are more consistent with known hypotheses rather than attempt to refute those hypotheses. Often, in experiments, subjects will ask questions...
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