Global InformationWorks by Andrei Tarkovsky information
Andrei Tarkovsky (1932–1986)[1] was a Soviet filmmaker who is widely regarded as one of the greatest directors of all time.[2][3] His films are considered Romanticist and are often described as "slow cinema", with the average shot-length in his final three films being over a minute (compared to seconds for most modern films).[4] In his thirty-year career, Tarkovsky directed several student films and seven feature films,[3] co-directed a documentary, and wrote numerous screenplays. He also directed a stage play and wrote a book.
Born in the Soviet Union, Tarkovsky began his career at the State Institute of Cinematography, where he directed several student films.[5] In 1956, he made his directorial debut with the student film The Killers, an adaptation of Ernest Hemingway's eponymous short story.[6] His first feature film was 1962's Ivan's Childhood, considered by some to be his most conventional film.[7] It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival.[8] In 1966, he directed the biopic Andrei Rublev, which garnered him the International Critics' Prize at the Cannes Film Festival.[9]
In 1972, he directed the science fiction film Solaris, which was a response to what Tarkovsky saw as the "phoniness" of Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968).[10] Solaris was loosely based on the novel of the same title by Stanislaw Lem and won the Grand Prix at the Cannes Film Festival.[11][12] His next film was Mirror (1975). In 1976, Tarkovsky directed his only play—a stage production of William Shakespeare's Hamlet at the Lenkom Theatre. Viewing Tarkovsky as a dissident, Soviet authorities shut down the production after only a few performances.[13] His final film produced in the Soviet Union, Stalker (1979), garnered him the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury at Cannes.[14]
Tarkovsky left the Soviet Union in 1979 and directed the film Nostalghia and the accompanying documentary Voyage in Time.[15] At the Cannes Film Festival, Nostalghia was awarded the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury but was blocked from receiving the Palme d'Or by Soviet authorities.[16] In 1985, he published a book, Sculpting in Time, in which he explored art and cinema.[17] His final film, The Sacrifice (1986), was produced in Sweden, shortly before his death from cancer. The film garnered Tarkovsky his second Grand Prix at Cannes, as well as a second International Critics' Prize, a Best Artistic Contribution, and another Prize of the Ecumenical Jury.[18] He was posthumously awarded the Lenin Prize in 1990, the most prestigious award in the Soviet Union.[19]
- ^ Goodman, Walter (30 December 1986). "Andrei Tarkovsky, Director and Soviet Emigre, Dies at 54". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
- ^ Bradshaw, Peter; Hans, Simran; Bray, Catherine; Leigh, Danny (9 July 2022). "If you watch only one film … the greatest movies by the greatest directors". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ a b Gray, Carmen (27 October 2015). "Where to begin with Andrei Tarkovsky". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ Ross, Alex (8 February 2021). "The Drenching Richness of Andrei Tarkovsky". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ "Andrei Tarkovsky's Very First Films: Three Student Films, 1956-1960". Open Culture. 7 June 2012. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
killerswas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Rosenbaum, Jonathan (1 September 2002). "One Day in the Life of Andre Arsenevich". Chicago Reader. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2008.
- ^ "Return to Childhood". Criterion. Archived from the original on 26 December 2022. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
dunne429was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Shave, Nick (1 May 2020). "I've never seen … Solaris". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
- ^ Bose, Swapnil Dhruv (30 October 2020). "The reason why Stanisław Lem was furious about Andrei Tarkovsky's adaptation of his novel 'Solaris'". Far Out Magazine. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
- ^ "Solaris". Festival de Cannes. Archived from the original on 26 December 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
hamletwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Stalker: Awards and Festivals". MUBI. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ Dunne (2008), p. 169.
- ^ Hoberman, J. (24 January 2014). "Andrei Tarkovsky's 'Nostalghia' on Blu-ray". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
sculptingwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "All Masterpieces of Andrei Tarkovsky will be Shown at the SIFF". Shanghai International Film Festival. 29 March 2016. Archived from the original on 26 December 2022. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
- ^ Dunne (2008), p. 431.