This article is about electronics manufacturing and prototyping techniques. For the jewelry-related topic, see Wire wrapped jewelry.
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Close-up of a wire-wrap connectionTypical wire wrap construction of Bell System telephone crossbar switch. Some types of connection were soldered.
Wire wrap is an electronic component assembly technique that was invented to wire telephone crossbar switches, and later adapted to construct electronic circuit boards. Electronic components mounted on an insulating board are interconnected by lengths of insulated wire run between their terminals, with the connections made by wrapping several turns of uninsulated sections of the wire around a component lead or a socket pin.
Wires can be wrapped by hand or by machine, and can be hand-modified afterwards. It was popular for large-scale manufacturing in the 1960s and early 1970s, and continues today to be used for short runs and prototypes. The method eliminates the design and fabrication of a printed circuit board. Wire wrapping is unusual among other prototyping technologies since it allows for complex assemblies to be produced by automated equipment, but then easily repaired or modified by hand.
Wire wrap construction can produce assemblies that are more reliable than printed circuits: connections are less prone to fail due to vibration or physical stresses on the base board, and the lack of solder eliminates soldering faults such as corrosion, cold joints and dry joints. The connections themselves are firmer and have lower electrical resistance due to cold welding of the wire to the terminal post at the corners.
Wire wrap was used for assembly of high frequency prototypes and small production runs, including gigahertz microwave circuits and supercomputers. It is unique among automated prototyping techniques in that wire lengths can be exactly controlled, and twisted pairs or magnetically shielded twisted quads can be routed together.
Wire wrap construction became popular around 1960 in circuit board manufacturing, and use has now sharply declined. Surface-mount technology has made the technique much less useful than in previous decades. Solder-less breadboards and the decreasing cost of professionally made PCBs have nearly eliminated this technology.
Wirewrap is an electronic component assembly technique that was invented to wire telephone crossbar switches, and later adapted to construct electronic...
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have predominated. Two or more wires may be wrapped concentrically, separated by insulation, to form coaxial cable. The wire or cable may be further protected...
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electrically isolated, the builder makes all connections with either wirewrap or miniature point to point wiring techniques. Discrete components are...
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of a length of fine wirewrapped around a heat-resistant ceramic or glass core but other constructions are also used. The RTD wire is a pure material,...
side. Wirewrap. The wire is wrapped around the corner post and wrapped onto a special, gritted helical wire which also wraps around the incoming wire, with...
used in nearly all electronic products. Alternatives to PCBs include wirewrap and point-to-point construction, both once popular but now rarely used...
jewelers make their own. Earwires and similar forms can be made with simple wirewrap techniques. There are a variety of both commercial and homemade jigs to...
connected to wirewrap pins. All interconnections are made with wire-wrapped connections, except for power bus lines. The back-plane wire-wrap connections...
by Wayne. The original Apple I prototype system was constructed using wirewrap technology, linking the microprocessor and individual circuit components...
hose tie, tie wrap, wire tie, zap-straps, or zip tie) is a type of fastener for holding items together, primarily electrical cables and wires. Because of...
wire is used extensively in many applications including fencing, the electronics industry, electrical distribution, and the making of wirewrapped jewelry...
circuit board or boards, but sometimes, especially for prototyping, using wirewrap wiring). The main distinction between FPGA and CPLD device architectures...
to wooden breadboards to construct circuits. Cordwood construction and wirewrap were other methods used. Most modern day electronics now use printed circuit...
terminations in a given space than older style termination blocks (66 style or wirewrap) because of their stacking capability. Some 110 blocks meet specifications...
1955) is a retired American computer engineer who created the first wirewrap prototype of the motherboard for the original Macintosh at Apple Computer...
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be used for pulling bridge clips from 66 blocks, manipulating wires in a crowded wirewrap block, or setting DIP switches. The body of a plastic spudger...
point-to-point construction (reminiscent of the original wooden breadboards), wirewrap, wiring pencil, and boards like the stripboard. Complicated systems, such...
a horseshoe-shaped piece of iron that was wrapped with about 18 turns of bare copper wire (insulated wire did not then exist). The iron was varnished...
such as being the first version of the PDP minicomputer series to use wirewrap, as well as being the first to use the proprietary DEC Flip-Chip module...
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