For the 2015 novel by Leonid Yuzefovich, see The Winter Road.
Example of an over-land segment along a winter road, in northern British ColumbiaExample of an over-ice segment, here crossing the frozen Albany River in Northern Ontario
A winter road is a seasonal road only usable during the winter, i.e. it has to be re-built every year. This road typically runs over land and over frozen lakes, rivers, swamps, and sea ice.[1][2] Segments of a winter road that cross an expanse of floating ice are also referred to as an ice road or an ice bridge.[1]
The foundations underlying over-land segments is most often native soil or muskeg frozen to a given depth, and locally, bedrock. These surfaces may either be bare or are overlain, as is most commonly the case, with a snow cover. Over-ice segments of winter roads are often referred to as ice crossings, ice bridges or, simply, ice roads.[3] The weight of the vehicle is supported by the buoyancy of the floating ice and by its resistance to flexure. Where a winter road is built mostly on floating ice, the occasional land crossings are called "portages" - the Tibbitt to Contwoyto Winter Road is an example.
Winter roads facilitate transportation during the winter to, from and within isolated areas in the North where there are no permanent (also called 'all-weather' or 'all-season') roads.[4] They enable supplies (e.g. food, fuel, construction material) to be brought into communities in these areas.[5] The only other alternative, providing there is a small airstrip nearby, would be to rely on air transportation. However, this can be prohibitively costly, especially for bulk material.[5][6] In some areas, climate change is observed to affect winter roads, notably by contributing to a significant reduction in their operational lifespan.[6][7]
^ abProskin et al, 2011. Guidelines for the Construction and Operation of Winter Roads, Transportation Association of Canada. - IHSA, 2014. Best practices for building and working safely on ice covers in Ontario, Mississauga, Ontario, 43 p. - NorthWest Territories Transportation, 2015. Guidelines for safe ice construction, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, 44 p.
^Spencer, P.A., Strandberg, A.G. and Maddock, W.A., 2008. Ice and toundra road design for module transport, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Ships and Marine Structures in Cold Regions (ICETECH), Banff.
^Michel, B., Drouin, M., Lefebvre, L.M., Rosenberg, P. and Murray, R., 1974. Ice bridges in the James Project. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 11: 599-619. - Barrette, P.D., 2015, Overview of ice roads in Canada: Design, usage and climate change adaptation, OCRE-TR-2015-011. National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, 51 pp.
^Barrette, Paul D.; Hori, Yukari; Kim, Amy M. (2022-07-14). "The Canadian winter road infrastructure in a warming climate: Toward resiliency assessment and resource prioritization". Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure. 7 (6): 842–860. doi:10.1080/23789689.2022.2094124. ISSN 2378-9689. S2CID 250574906.
^ abKuryk, D. and Domaratzki, M., 1999. Construction and maintenance of winter roads in Manitoba, Proceedings of the 10th Workshop of the Committee on River Ice Processes and the Environment (CRIPE), Winnipeg, pp. 265-275.
^ abMcGregor, R.V., Hassan, M. and Hayley, D., 2008. Climate change impacts and adaptation: Case studies of roads in Northern Canada, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada. Transportation Association of Canada, Toronto.
^Rawlings, M., Bianchi, R. and Douglas, R.A., 2009. Winter roads and ice bridges: Anomalies in their records of seasonal usage and what we can learn from them, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Transportation Association of Canada. Transportation Association of Canada, Vancouver.
A winterroad is a seasonal road only usable during the winter, i.e. it has to be re-built every year. This road typically runs over land and over frozen...
The WinterRoad (Russian: Зимняя дорога, Zimnaya doroga) is a documentary novel by Leonid Yuzefovich first published in September 2015. In 2016 the book...
Tuktoyaktuk WinterRoad, an extension of the Dempster Highway, was an ice road on frozen Mackenzie River delta channels and the frozen Arctic Ocean between...
are typically part of a winterroad, but they can also be simple stand-alone structures, connecting two shorelines. Ice roads may be planned, built and...
Road Out of Winter is a 2020 science fiction and post-apocalyptic novel by Alison Stine. After an unusually long winter has led to gradual societal collapse...
a team of truck drivers on a dangerous mission over frozen lakes and winterroads to deliver a crucial component to save workers trapped in a collapsed...
Tibbitt to Contwoyto WinterRoad is an annual ice road first built in 1982 to service mines and exploration activities in the Northwest Territories and...
lane Historic roads and trails Ice road Roman roads Sunken lane Higher capacity roads, sometimes with medians 2+1 road 2+2 road Arterial road Autostrasse...
The WinterRoad River is a river of Minnesota. List of rivers of Minnesota U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: WinterRoad River...
unimproved road between Baltimore on the Chesapeake Bay to Wheeling on the Ohio River. Stagecoaches travelling the Hagerstown to Boonsboro road in the winter took...
cycleways. Road maintenance agencies and contractors in temperate or polar areas often own several winter service vehicles, using them to keep the roads clear...
Tarmacadam is a concrete road surfacing material made by combining tar and macadam (crushed stone and sand), patented by Welsh inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley...
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below freeways/motorways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow...
one of the oldest engineered roads discovered and the oldest timber trackway discovered in Northern Europe. Built in winter 3807 BC or spring 3806 BC, (tree-ring...
A road train, also known as a land train or long combination vehicle (LCV) is a semi-truck used to move road freight more efficiently than single-trailer...
This is a list of Ice Road Truckers Season 7 episodes. The focus of this season is the winterroad network originating in Winnipeg. Debogorski, Kelly,...
ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling...
Earth, Live in Japan, Not a Kid Anymore, The Real Deal, Winter Blues and Rebel Road. Winter also kept busy doing session work, playing saxophone on Meat...
A snow road is a type of winterroad, which is a road that is used or trafficable only in the winter. Snow roads make up some or all of the on-land segments...
paved through road in the California State Route system. This part is not maintained in the winter and is usually closed during the winter season. SR 120...
deicing and anti-icing of roads, both in grit bins and spread by winter service vehicles. In anticipation of snowfall, roads are optimally "anti-iced"...
Road surface marking is any kind of device or material that is used on a road surface in order to convey official information; they are commonly placed...
While a winter only ice road through the Mackenzie River delta still connects Inuvik to Aklavik, southwest of Inuvik, the Tuktoyaktuk WinterRoad, which...
expensive. This private winterroad was once a way for trucks to drive to Nunavut from Yellowknife. The private winterroad services a number of mines...
(/ˈkʌldəsæk, ˈkʊl-/; French: [kydsak], lit. 'bag bottom'), or a no through road or no exit road, is a street with only one combined inlet and outlet. The term "dead...
A road surface (British English) or pavement (North American English) is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular...
broke the encirclement, and the ice roads were used in conjunction with land routes for the remainder of the winter. The routes carried supplies necessary...
Global Information
