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The waterfall model is a breakdown of development activities into linear sequential phases, meaning they are passed down onto each other, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks.[1] The approach is typical for certain areas of engineering design. In software development,[1] it tends to be among the less iterative and flexible approaches, as progress flows in largely one direction ("downwards" like a waterfall) through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, deployment and maintenance.[2][better source needed] The waterfall model is the earliest SDLC approach that was used in software development.[citation needed]
The waterfall development model originated in the manufacturing and construction industries,[citation needed] where the highly structured physical environments meant that design changes became prohibitively expensive much sooner in the development process. [citation needed] When first adopted for software development, there were no recognized alternatives for knowledge-based creative work.[3][better source needed]
^ abPetersen, Kai; Wohlin, Claes; Baca, Dejan (2009). "The Waterfall Model in Large-Scale Development". In Bomarius, Frank; Oivo, Markku; Jaring, Päivi; Abrahamsson, Pekka (eds.). Product-Focused Software Process Improvement. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Vol. 32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 386–400. Bibcode:2009pfsp.book..386P. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02152-7_29. ISBN 978-3-642-02152-7.
^"The Traditional Waterfall Approach". www.umsl.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-23.
^Benington, Herbert D. (1 October 1983). "Production of Large Computer Programs" (PDF). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 5 (4). IEEE Educational Activities Department: 350–361. doi:10.1109/MAHC.1983.10102. S2CID 8632276. Retrieved 2011-03-21. Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
The waterfallmodel is a breakdown of development activities into linear sequential phases, meaning they are passed down onto each other, where each phase...
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into dangerous or expensive problems. Most manufacturers follow the waterfallmodel to coordinate the design product, but almost all explicitly permit...
through the waterfallmodel with exceedingly long phases of project planning, requirements gathering, program design, and data modeling, which can create...
top-down waterfallmodel, feasibility, analysis, design, development, quality assurance, and implementation occur sequentially in that order. This model requires...
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customer actually intended. It has also been used to illustrate the waterfallmodel of software development. The origin of this cartoon appears to be from...
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