Indigenous language isolate spoken in the Western United States
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Washo
wá꞉šiw ʔítlu
Native to
United States
Region
California–Nevada border
Ethnicity
Washoe people
Native speakers
20 (2008)[1]
Language family
Language isolate
Washo
Language codes
ISO 639-2
was
ISO 639-3
was
Glottolog
wash1253
ELP
Washo
Pre-contact distribution of the Washo language
Person
Wá:šiw
People
Waší:šiw
Language
Wá:šiw ʔítlu
Country
Waší:šiw Ɂítdeh
Washo/ˈwɒʃoʊ/[2] (or Washoe; endonym wá꞉šiw ʔítlu)[3] is an endangered Native American language isolate spoken by the Washo on the California–Nevada border in the drainages of the Truckee and Carson Rivers, especially around Lake Tahoe. While there are only 20 elderly native speakers of Washo,[1] since 1994 there has been a small immersion school that has produced a number of moderately fluent younger speakers. The immersion school has since closed its doors and the language program now operates through the Cultural Resource Department for the Washoe Tribe. The language is still very much endangered; however, there has been a renaissance in the language revitalization movement as many of the students who attended the original immersion school have become teachers.
Ethnographic Washo speakers belonged to the Great Basin culture area and they were the only non-Numic group of that area.[4] The language has borrowed from the neighboring Uto-Aztecan, Maiduan and Miwokan languages and is connected to both the Great Basin and Northern California sprachbunds.
^ abVictor Golla (2011) California Indian Languages
^Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
^"The Washo Project: wá꞉šiw ʔítlu". The Washo Project. University of Chicago. Retrieved 9 September 2011.
Washo /ˈwɒʃoʊ/ (or Washoe; endonym wá꞉šiw ʔítlu) is an endangered Native American language isolate spoken by the Washo on the California–Nevada border...
name "Washoe" or "Washo" (as preferred by themselves) is derived from the autonym Waashiw (wa·šiw or wá:šiw) in the Washolanguage or from Wašišiw (waší:šiw)...
census-designated place Washoe Valley (Nevada) New Washoe City, Nevada Washolanguage Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California, a federally recognized tribe...
Northern Paiute band called the Kuyui Dükadü (cui-ui-fish-eaters). In the Washolanguage, different parts of the river have different names. Two names, ‘Át’abi...
ISSN 0933-7636. Jacobsen, William Horton (15 August 1964). A grammar of the Washolanguage (PhD). University of California, Berkeley – via eScholarship. Jacobson...
vibration of the vocal cords. It is found as a phoneme in Jalapa Mazatec and Washo as well as in Kildin Sami. Features of the voiceless palatal fricative:...
are single languages or shallow families. Hokan Chimariko Yana/Yahi Karuk Shasta–Palaihnihan Shastan (4) Palaihnihan (2) Pomoan (7) Washo Esselen Salinan...
Lake Tahoe (/ˈtɑːhoʊ/; Washo: Dáʔaw) is a freshwater lake in the Sierra Nevada of the Western United States, straddling the border between California...
Introduction of Bana Language [巴那语概况]". Minzu Yuwen. Jacobsen, William Horton (15 August 1964). A grammar of the Washolanguage (PhD). University of California...
dawn, he and his wife discover the infant Edechewe near their bed. The Washolanguage has a word for sugar pine, simt'á:gɨm, and also a word for "sugar pine...
eyewitness accounts of beaver in the upper Carson River through 1892. The Washo people who lived in the eastern Sierra with hunting grounds extending as...
palatal approximant, or yod, is a type of consonant used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this...
cross-linguistic term, which he adapted from Jacobsen's (1964) description of the Washolanguage. According to DeLancey (1997), Turkish, Hare, Sunwar, Lhasa Tibetan...
also called Secret Creek Beach, or Secret Harbor Creek Beach, in the Washolanguage it is known as dawmóʔlɨm demšé:gɨl Black Sand Beach (named for the black...
The United States does not have an official language at the federal level, but the most commonly used language is English (specifically, American English)...
Washoe Lake (Washo: c'óʔyaʔ dáʔaw) is a lake located near Carson City in the Washoe Valley of Washoe County, Nevada. It is a very shallow lake with a...
includes areas outside this valley. The name for the valley in the Washolanguage is Welganuk. Per the USGS, The Truckee Meadows is one of a series a...
Wakashan (7) Wappo † Washo Wintuan (4) Yana † Yokutsan (3) Yuchi Yuki † Yuman–Cochimí (11) Zuni In Central America the Mayan languages are among those used...
Consciously devised language Endangered language – Language that is at risk of going extinct Ethnologue#Language families Extinct language – Language that no longer...
A language isolate is a language that has no demonstrable genetic relationship with another language. Basque in Europe, Ainu in Asia, Sandawe in Africa...
occurs in many languages, and is represented by ⟨gli⟩ in Italian, ⟨ll⟩ in Spanish and Catalan, ⟨lh⟩ in Portuguese, and ⟨ļ⟩ in Latvian. In Washo, lower-case...
[nɑ̀ːpèːhópìz̥ɑ̀ːt]) is a Southern Athabaskan language of the Na-Dené family, through which it is related to languages spoken across the western areas of North...
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its...
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its...
language. The letter ⟨m⟩ represents the voiced bilabial nasal /m/ in the orthography of Latin as well as in those of many modern languages. In Washo,...
branch of Plateau. The main towns of the Eggon people are Eggon, Kagbu, Washo and Wana. They stretch as far south as Lafia and west of Akwanga as far...
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